456 



Tsenia Echinococcus in the Dog and Man, [June 18, 



egg- formation. It was evident that the Taeniae present were the result 

 of the second feeding, so that they were twenty days old. The only 

 complete worm found had three distinct joints (including the head), 

 but it had lost its hooklets, probably from the endosmosis of water. 



It is likely that in the case of both " feedings " most of the scolices 

 were either dead or dying, for the fluid in which they were contained 

 showed signs of commencing decomposition. This probably accounts 

 for the small number of Taeniae found in the dog. Besides the speci- 

 mens of Taenia echinococcus, there were some hundreds of Taenia 

 cucumerina, and one small ascaris in the small intestine. 



Experiment No. 4. — In this case I thought it advisable to vary the 

 mode of experiment, and to administer a vermifuge to the dog prior 

 to the experimental feeding. As I could not recall a single instance 

 in which I had found Taenia cucumerina absent from the intestines 

 of the stray dogs examined by me in Adelaide, it appeared to me that 

 the absence of this worm in a dog, after the administration of a 

 vermifuge, would be good presumptive evidence that all other entozoa 

 had been also removed by the medicine. 



A male black and tan terrier which had been in my possession for 

 three or four weeks, enclosed in the powder magazine, received on 

 May 27, 1884, 30 grains of kamala in milk, and two days later a 

 second similar dose was administered. On June 1st the dog seemed 

 to be well, .and a dose of echinococcus heads (procured by puncture of 

 a hydatid cyst of the right lung in one of my patients) was ad- 

 ministered in a little milk. 



On July 13th, forty -two days after the feeding, the dog was poisoned 

 with prussic acid and examined. 



The small intestine contained semi-fluid brown matter apparently 

 more " bilious " than usual, and the lower end of the small intestine 

 was unusually red, and apparently congested. 



After a careful search I found one specimen of Taenia echinococcus ; 

 it was quite perfect, and when first examined, it showed a contraction 

 at the neck, apparently having a head, a short neck, and three suc- 

 ceeding segments. The contraction in the neck shortly disappeared, 

 and when mounted in glycerine and stained with picro-carmine, the 

 worm contracted greatly, especially in length. Faint indications of 

 ovum-formation were visible in the posterior segment. 



A drawing of this specimen was made by Dr. Dunlop immediately 

 after its removal from the dog's intestine. 



A very close examination of this dog's intestine was made, and 

 there were found a few very small and evidently juvenile round worms, 

 and the heads and necks of many Taeniae cucumerina. These young 

 tapeworms rarely exceeded a quarter of an inch in length, and none 

 were found over one-third of an inch long. There was not a single 

 worm with distinct proglottides. 



