1872.] 



' Shearwater 9 Scientific Researches. 



579 



following Table, in correlation with those of two sets of serial soundings 

 (Columns I. and II.) taken last year in the Western basin : — 



Summer Temperature of the Mediterranean, as shown by Serial and 

 Bottom-Soundings. 





Western Basin. 



Eastern Basin. 





I. 



n. 



HE 



IV. 





Lat, 36° 0' N. 

 Long. 4° 40' W. 



Lat. 35° 59' N. 

 Long. 5° 55' E. 



Lat. 35° 54' N. 

 Long. 16° 23' E. 



Lat. 32° 17V N. 

 Long. 26° 44' E. 





De- 

 grees 

 Fahr. 



Reduc- 

 tion 

 below 

 Surface. 



De- 

 grees 

 Fahr. 



Reduc- 

 tion 

 below 

 Surface. 



De- 

 grees 

 Fahr. 



Reduc- 

 tion 

 below 

 Surface. 



De- 

 grees 

 Fahr. 



Redac- 

 tion 

 below 

 Surface. 



10 lath. ... 



20 „ ... 



30 „ ... 



40 „ ... 



60 „ ... 



60 „ ... 



70 „ ... 



80 „ ... 



90 „ ... 

 100 „ ... 

 150 „ ... 

 200 „ ... 

 300 „ ... 

 400 „ ... 

 500 „ ... 

 586 „ ... 

 1456 „ ... 

 1650 „ ... 

 1970 „ ... 



74-5 

 69-3 

 65-0 

 63-0 

 61-7 

 597 

 ... 



;;; 



55*1 

 550 



::: 



52 

 9-5 



11- 5 



12- 8 

 14-8 



19-4 



195 

 ... 



77-0 

 71-0 

 61-5 

 600 

 573 

 56-7 



555 

 550 



60 

 155 

 170 

 19-7 

 203 



21-5 

 220 



800 

 76-2 

 72-6 

 66-2 

 635 

 61-0 

 59-7 

 59-2 

 58-8 

 58-5 

 58-5 

 58-0 

 56-5 



560 



3-8 

 7-4 

 13-8 

 16-5 

 19-0 

 203 

 208 

 21-2 

 21-5 

 21-5 

 220 

 23-5 



240 



79-0 

 760 

 76-0 

 75-5 

 69-0 

 67-0 

 655 

 61-8 

 61-0 

 59-8 

 59-5 

 59-5 

 58-5 

 57-0 

 560 

 57-0 



i 56 : 7 



3-0 

 30 

 35 

 10-0 

 120 

 145 

 172 



18- 



19- 2 

 19-5 

 195 

 205 

 220 

 230 

 220 



22-3 



These results are also graphically expressed, as regards the superficial 

 stratum, by the Curves in Diagram n., Plate IV. 



68. Now it will be observed that in these four Series the rates of descent 

 are by no means in accordance with each other, the differences between the 

 first three, however, being much less than between any one of them and 

 the fourth. The nearest resemblance is that which exists between Nos. I. 

 and III.; for although the surface-temperature is 5£° higher in the 

 latter, the rates of reduction at successive depths so nearly correspond, as 

 to give the two curves a general parallelism ; the temperature in No. III. 

 at 100 fathoms being still 3°*4 above the temperature at the same 

 depth in No. I. But while in No. I. the temperature exhibits no further 

 reduction down to the bottom at 586 fathoms, it falls 2° between 

 100 and 200 fathoms in No. III., so as to come down to within little more 

 than a degree of the temperature of the constant stratum in No. I., and 



