BUTTERFLIES OF THE VICINITY OF NEW YORK CITY 



33. American Tortoise-Shell Butterfly (Vanessa milberti). 



Somewhat rare in this vicinity, but common throughout the 

 Northern States and Canada, and westward to the Pacific. The eggs 

 are laid in masses, usually on the under side of the leaves of the 

 nettle, and the caterpillars live in swarms. 



34. Mourning-Cloak Butterfly (Vanessa antiopa). 



This species hibernates in the butterfly state in sheltered places. 

 It may be found under stones, stumps of trees, sticking to the rafters 

 of barns or in the crevices of walls, sometimes huddled together in 

 numbers, with the wings doubled together above the back, and ap- 

 parently lifeless. During the first warm days of April and May the 

 insects crawl forth from their winter quarters and hover about 

 the sappy stumps of recently felled trees. About the middle of July the 



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