THE SEQUOIA 



Rapid strides were made also in systematic zoology and in 

 graphy. The relations of the lower animals were worked 

 out by Leuchart, Vaughn Thompson, Dujardin, Agassiz and a 

 host of oth< 



Expeditions were sent out to explore the earth and the 

 Famous among these are the voyage of the " Beagle," on which 

 Darwin served and did some of his earliest biological work; and 

 the voyage <>i the " Rattlesnake." on which Huxley was Assistant 

 Surgeon. 



In 1859 Darwin published his "Origin of Species," a book 

 which is universally admitted to have had more influence on 

 human thought than any other work of the century. 



Darwin's theory of the "Origin of Species" may be stated 

 briefly as follows: All species tend to vary. No two individ- 

 uals of the offspring of a pair are exactly alike. On account of 

 this variation in structure or function, certain individuals are 

 better able to thrive than their fellows. These animals transmit 

 these characters to their offspring, which in turn survive in the 

 struggle with their fellows. Thus nature eliminates those varia- 

 ti< >ns which are disadvantageous to the organism, each individual 

 being tested in its struggle to maintain its existence. The ac- 

 cumulation of these favorable variations through many genera- 

 tions is supposed to produce an organism quite different from 

 riginal stock, or, in other words, a new form. 



Few works have been constructed with more care and skill, 

 twenty years Darwin collected facts from all available 



rces, and made innumerable observations himself. The evi- 

 dence in support of his theory was drawn from all branch< 

 natural : comparative anatomy, embryology, pala 



3o numerous were t' that he 



the exposition of his theory, that 

 in less than twent me the working hypotl 



nearly 1 



Darwi] emblam 



animals had been recognized, and many 1 known 



lius onward emphasized tl em- 



blances. In 1020 Bacon published " Novum < trganum," in wl 



2 3 



