XVlll 



death, Mrs. Arnott granted an additional sum o£ .£4000 to be divided 

 among these Universities. Thus within the period of seven years Dr. 

 and Mrs. Arnott had contributed the sum of ten thousand pounds for 

 the promotion of scientific knowledge. 



Dr. Arnott was a man of genial disposition, and had a large circle of 

 friends. He took a delight in the society of these friends and in the 

 progress of scientific research, until the infirmities of age compelled him 

 in a great measure to withdraw from social intercourse. 



He died in the 86th year of his age, and up to the last year of his life his 

 mind was still actively occupied in devising and maturing new projects or 

 inventions. Among these may be mentioned a chair-bed for the pre- 

 vention of sea- sickness and a floating breakwater. It was the delight 

 of his life to devise means of ameliorating suffering and adding to human 

 comfort. 



Dr. Arnott died in the Eoman Catholic faith, and by his own desire 

 his body was buried in the Dean Cemetery, at Edinburgh, in the grave 

 in which the remains of his mother and other members of his family are 

 deposited. . An obelisk with an appropriate inscription in commemoration 

 of himself and them has been erected over the grave. 



o 



Ai^DEES Jonas Ajn'GSteom was born on the 13th of August, 1814, at 

 the works of Logdo, in Medelpad (one of the most northerly provinces of 

 Sweden), where his father was chaplain. Although the latter never 

 obtained any_ advancement in his. profession beyond the position of Com- 

 minister, he managed to make his scanty income suffice for the educational 

 expenses of his three sons at the secondary school and at the gymnasium 

 of Hernosand. Of these sons, the eldest Johan, now a medical man at 

 Ornskoldsvik, is well known for his botanical researches, and the youngest, 

 Carl Arendt, is Professor of Practical Mechanics at the Polytechnic School 

 of Stockholm. The second son, Anders Jonas, after studying at the 

 University of Upsala, paid special attention to physics and mathematics, 

 but was obliged from time to time to interrupt his studies in order to give 

 private lessons. 



In 1839 he took the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, and shortly after- 

 wards was appointed Professeiu' agrege of Physical Science at the Uni- 

 versity of Upsala, the celebrated Eudberg at that time holding the appoint- 

 ment of Professor of Physical Science. 



Angstrom had a decided predilection for physics, but as, after the death 

 of Eudberg, Adolphe Svanberg was, in 1841, appointed to the professor- 

 ship of Physics, he saw no prospect of advancement for himself in that 

 department at Upsala. He therefore accepted the appointment of 

 Assistant Professor of Astronomy. In order to gain practice in making 

 astronomical observations, he passed the year 1842 at the Observatory of 

 Stockholm ; but after his return to Upsala he occupied himself chiefly with 

 the theoretical branches of the science, because at that time it was almost 



