﻿1875.] 
  

  

  Theory 
  of 
  Ventilation. 
  

  

  189 
  

  

  s 
  traction, 
  to 
  enter 
  the 
  cells 
  directly 
  from 
  the 
  open 
  air. 
  All 
  the 
  results, 
  

   therefore, 
  have 
  been 
  obtained 
  in 
  buildings 
  where 
  this 
  could 
  be 
  done, 
  viz. 
  

   barracks 
  and 
  hospitals, 
  and 
  the 
  following 
  are 
  those 
  examined 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  Aldershot 
  Permanent 
  Barracks. 
  

  

  Hilsea 
  Barrack 
  Huts. 
  

  

  Hilsea 
  Hospital 
  (Pavilion 
  building). 
  

  

  Herbert 
  Hospital 
  (Pavilion), 
  Woolwich. 
  

  

  Chelsea 
  New 
  Barracks. 
  

  

  Tower 
  of 
  London. 
  

  

  Gosport 
  New 
  Barracks. 
  

  

  Anglesea 
  Barracks, 
  Portsea. 
  

  

  Fort 
  Elson 
  

  

  Port 
  Brockhurst 
  

  

  Garrison 
  Hospital, 
  Portsmouth. 
  

  

  Civil 
  Infirmary, 
  Landport. 
  

   The 
  plan 
  followed 
  in 
  all 
  was 
  to 
  take 
  the 
  observations 
  chiefly 
  at 
  night, 
  

   when 
  the 
  rooms 
  or 
  wards 
  were 
  occupied, 
  and 
  when 
  fires 
  and 
  lights 
  (except 
  

   the 
  lamp 
  or 
  candle 
  used 
  for 
  the 
  observation) 
  were 
  out. 
  In 
  this 
  way 
  all 
  

   disturbing 
  sources 
  of 
  C0 
  2 
  were 
  avoided, 
  except 
  in 
  the 
  occasional 
  rare 
  

   instances 
  of 
  a 
  man 
  smoking 
  in 
  bed 
  or 
  the 
  like. 
  On 
  first 
  entering 
  the 
  

   room 
  from 
  the 
  outer 
  air 
  the 
  sensation 
  was 
  noted 
  and 
  recorded 
  just 
  as 
  it 
  

   occurred 
  to 
  the 
  observer, 
  such 
  terms 
  as 
  " 
  fresh," 
  " 
  fair," 
  " 
  not 
  close," 
  

   " 
  close," 
  " 
  very 
  close," 
  " 
  extremely 
  close," 
  &c. 
  being 
  emploj^ed 
  *. 
  Most 
  

   of 
  these 
  notes 
  were 
  made 
  by 
  myself 
  ; 
  but 
  a 
  good 
  many 
  were 
  also 
  made 
  by 
  

   my 
  assistants, 
  Sergeant 
  (now 
  Lieutenant) 
  Sylvester 
  in 
  the 
  earlier, 
  and 
  

   Sergeant 
  H. 
  Turner 
  in 
  the 
  latter 
  experiments. 
  The 
  air 
  was 
  then 
  collected 
  

   (generally 
  in 
  two 
  jars 
  or 
  bottles, 
  for 
  controlling 
  experiments), 
  and 
  set 
  

   aside 
  with 
  lime-water 
  for 
  subsequent 
  analysis, 
  and 
  the 
  temperatures 
  of 
  

   the 
  wet- 
  and 
  dry-bulb 
  thermometers 
  noted. 
  About 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  samples 
  

   of 
  the 
  external 
  air 
  were 
  also 
  taken, 
  and 
  the 
  thermometers 
  read. 
  In 
  this 
  

   way 
  any 
  unintentional 
  bias 
  in 
  the 
  record 
  of 
  sensations 
  was 
  avoided, 
  and 
  

   this 
  source 
  of 
  fallacy 
  fairly 
  well 
  eliminated. 
  

  

  In 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  earlier 
  observations 
  the 
  C0 
  2 
  in 
  the 
  external 
  air 
  was 
  not 
  

   observed 
  as 
  constantly 
  in 
  connexion 
  with 
  the 
  internal 
  observations, 
  partly 
  

   because 
  the 
  importance 
  of 
  this 
  was 
  not 
  so 
  clearly 
  perceived 
  then, 
  and 
  

   partly 
  from 
  want 
  of 
  apparatus, 
  the 
  jars 
  used 
  being 
  very 
  bulky 
  and 
  not 
  

   easy 
  of 
  carriage. 
  It 
  might 
  therefore 
  be 
  argued 
  that 
  the 
  combination- 
  

   weights 
  of 
  the 
  earlier 
  experiments 
  should 
  be 
  less 
  in 
  calculating 
  the 
  ave- 
  

   rages. 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  think, 
  however, 
  that 
  this 
  would 
  amount 
  to 
  any 
  sensible 
  

   difference 
  in 
  the 
  result, 
  as 
  the 
  external 
  C0 
  2 
  ratios 
  adopted 
  from 
  single 
  

   experiments 
  accord 
  fairly 
  with 
  the 
  mean 
  ratio 
  of 
  the 
  outer 
  air 
  f 
  . 
  In 
  each 
  

  

  * 
  N.B. 
  The 
  terms 
  used 
  in 
  the 
  Tables 
  are 
  exactly 
  those 
  noted 
  down 
  at 
  the 
  time 
  of 
  

   observation. 
  

  

  t 
  Mean 
  ratio 
  of 
  the 
  whole 
  series 
  *372 
  ; 
  omitting 
  those 
  at 
  Portsmouth 
  Garrison 
  Hos- 
  

   pital, 
  which 
  were 
  exceptionally 
  low, 
  413. 
  

  

  I 
  casemates. 
  

  

  