﻿290 
  Messrs. 
  J. 
  G. 
  M'Kendrick 
  and 
  J. 
  Dewar 
  on 
  

  

  Liversidge 
  (A.) 
  The 
  Bingera 
  Diamond-field. 
  8yo. 
  Sydney 
  1873. 
  Note 
  

   on 
  a 
  new 
  Mineral 
  from 
  New 
  Caledonia. 
  8yo. 
  London 
  1874. 
  The 
  

   Deniliqum 
  or 
  Bazatta 
  Meteorite. 
  8vo. 
  1873. 
  The 
  Author. 
  

  

  Secchi 
  (A.), 
  For. 
  Mem. 
  B.S. 
  Studi 
  Fisici 
  sulle 
  Comete 
  del 
  1874. 
  Studi 
  

   sulle 
  Comete 
  di 
  Tempel 
  2 
  a 
  e 
  Coggia 
  3 
  a 
  nel 
  1874. 
  4to. 
  Roma 
  1874-75. 
  

  

  The 
  Author. 
  

  

  Woodward 
  (II.), 
  E.E.S. 
  Address 
  to 
  the 
  Geologists' 
  Association. 
  8vo. 
  

   London 
  1874. 
  The 
  Author. 
  

  

  "On 
  the 
  Physiological 
  Action 
  of 
  the 
  Chinoline 
  and 
  Pyridine 
  

   Bases/" 
  By 
  John 
  G. 
  M'Kendrick 
  and 
  James 
  Dewar, 
  

   Edinburgh. 
  Communicated 
  by 
  J. 
  Burdon 
  Sanderson, 
  M.D., 
  

   F.R.S. 
  Received 
  June 
  11, 
  1874*. 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  well 
  known 
  that 
  when 
  either 
  quinine, 
  cinchonine, 
  or 
  strychnine 
  

   is 
  distilled 
  with 
  caustic 
  potash, 
  each 
  of 
  these 
  substances 
  yield 
  two 
  

   homologous 
  series 
  of 
  bases, 
  named 
  the 
  pyridine 
  and 
  chinoline 
  series. 
  

   It 
  has 
  also 
  been 
  shown 
  by 
  Anderson 
  and 
  G-reville 
  "Williams 
  that 
  bases 
  

   isomeric 
  with 
  these 
  are 
  obtained 
  by 
  the 
  destructive 
  distillation 
  of 
  coal 
  or 
  

   from 
  Dippel's 
  oil. 
  G-reville 
  Williams 
  has 
  also 
  pointed 
  out 
  that 
  chinoline 
  

   obtained 
  from 
  coal-tar 
  differs 
  in 
  some 
  respects 
  from 
  that 
  got 
  from 
  cincho- 
  

   nine. 
  It 
  would 
  be 
  a 
  subject 
  of 
  physiological 
  interest 
  to 
  ascertain 
  (1) 
  the 
  

   physiological 
  action 
  of 
  the 
  various 
  members 
  of 
  the 
  series 
  ; 
  (2) 
  whether 
  

   there 
  was 
  any 
  difference 
  in 
  this 
  respect 
  between 
  the 
  members 
  of 
  the 
  

   series 
  obtained 
  from 
  cinchonine 
  and 
  those 
  got 
  from 
  tar 
  ; 
  and 
  (3) 
  whether, 
  

   and 
  if 
  so, 
  how, 
  both 
  as 
  regards 
  extent 
  and 
  character, 
  the 
  physiological 
  

   action 
  of 
  these 
  bases 
  differed 
  from 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  original 
  alkaloidal 
  bodies. 
  

   We 
  have 
  for 
  some 
  time 
  been 
  engaged 
  in 
  this 
  research 
  ; 
  and 
  the 
  results 
  

   we 
  now 
  beg 
  leave 
  to 
  lay 
  before 
  the 
  Society. 
  

  

  I. 
  Method 
  oe 
  the 
  Eesearch. 
  

  

  The 
  bases 
  in 
  both 
  series 
  are 
  difficult 
  to 
  separate 
  from 
  each 
  other 
  ; 
  but 
  

   this 
  has 
  been 
  done, 
  as 
  far 
  as 
  possible, 
  by 
  repeated 
  fractional 
  distillation. 
  The 
  

   substance 
  first 
  examined 
  was 
  cinnoline 
  obtained 
  from 
  cinchonine. 
  It 
  was 
  

   employed 
  both 
  as 
  sulphate 
  and 
  hydrochlorate, 
  dissolved 
  in 
  water, 
  and 
  intro- 
  

   duced 
  by 
  subcutaneous 
  injection 
  into 
  the 
  animal. 
  The 
  strength 
  of 
  the 
  solu- 
  

   tion 
  employed 
  in 
  this 
  and 
  in 
  all 
  other 
  instances 
  was 
  one 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  base 
  to 
  

   twenty 
  parts 
  of 
  water. 
  Its 
  physiological 
  action 
  was 
  tested 
  on 
  frogs, 
  

  

  * 
  Kead 
  June 
  18, 
  1874. 
  See 
  'Proceedings,' 
  vol. 
  xxii. 
  p. 
  432. 
  

  

  