﻿the 
  Action 
  of 
  the 
  Chinoline 
  and 
  Pyridine 
  Bases. 
  293 
  

  

  been 
  observed 
  in 
  several 
  experiments 
  that 
  strychnine, 
  subcutaneously 
  in- 
  

   jected 
  into 
  a 
  rabbit 
  prostrate 
  with 
  hydrochlorate 
  of 
  chinoline, 
  is 
  followed 
  

   by 
  its 
  usual 
  physiological 
  effects. 
  It 
  appears, 
  therefore, 
  that 
  the 
  sub- 
  

   stance 
  acts 
  chiefly 
  on 
  the 
  sensory 
  and 
  motor 
  centres 
  in 
  the 
  cerebral 
  

   hemispheres, 
  weakening 
  or 
  removing 
  all 
  consciousness 
  of 
  external 
  im- 
  

   pressions 
  and 
  also 
  all 
  voluntary 
  acts. 
  

  

  2. 
  Action 
  on 
  the 
  Respiratory 
  and 
  Circulatory 
  Systems. 
  — 
  In 
  the 
  first 
  in- 
  

   stance 
  the 
  action 
  of 
  the 
  heart 
  and 
  the 
  respiratory 
  movements 
  are 
  

   increased, 
  but 
  afterwards 
  they 
  are 
  much 
  diminished, 
  and 
  death 
  appears 
  

   to 
  be 
  the 
  result 
  of 
  these 
  processes 
  becoming 
  weaker 
  and 
  weaker, 
  until 
  

   they 
  cease 
  altogether. 
  The 
  increased 
  action 
  observed, 
  at 
  first, 
  is 
  probably 
  

   due 
  to 
  the 
  excitement 
  of 
  the 
  animal 
  consequent 
  on 
  the 
  injection 
  of 
  fluid 
  

   beneath 
  the 
  skin. 
  So 
  soon 
  as 
  the 
  substance 
  acts 
  through 
  the 
  blood 
  on 
  

   the 
  nerve-centres, 
  the 
  action 
  of 
  both 
  systems 
  is 
  weakened. 
  "We 
  regard 
  

   this 
  weakening 
  as 
  due 
  to 
  an 
  action 
  on 
  an 
  encephalic 
  centre, 
  for 
  the 
  two 
  

   following 
  reasons 
  : 
  — 
  first, 
  because 
  irritation 
  of 
  the 
  sympathetic 
  and 
  

   pneumogastric 
  nerves 
  in 
  the 
  neck 
  of 
  a 
  rabbit, 
  completely 
  under 
  the 
  

   influence 
  of 
  hydrochlorate 
  of 
  chinoline, 
  produces 
  acceleration 
  and 
  

   retardation 
  of 
  the 
  heart's 
  action 
  respectively, 
  as 
  occurs 
  in 
  a 
  healthy 
  

   animal 
  ; 
  and 
  secondly, 
  when 
  the 
  heart 
  of 
  a 
  frog 
  was 
  treated, 
  according 
  

   to 
  Coats's 
  method, 
  with 
  serum 
  containing 
  3 
  per 
  cent, 
  of 
  chinoline, 
  no 
  

   effect 
  was 
  observed. 
  These 
  experiments 
  seem 
  to 
  indicate 
  clearly 
  that 
  the 
  

   substance 
  acts 
  on 
  the 
  encephalic 
  centres, 
  and 
  through 
  them 
  on 
  the 
  heart 
  

   and 
  respiratory 
  organs. 
  The 
  action 
  of 
  the 
  heart 
  finally 
  ceases, 
  probably 
  

   by 
  its 
  textures 
  being 
  supplied 
  with 
  only 
  venous 
  blood. 
  

  

  3. 
  Action 
  in 
  lowering 
  the 
  Temperature 
  of 
  the 
  Body. 
  — 
  It 
  was 
  found, 
  in 
  

   three 
  instances 
  in 
  which 
  minute 
  differences 
  of 
  temperature 
  were 
  observed 
  

   at 
  intervals 
  of 
  one 
  minute, 
  during 
  a 
  period 
  of 
  one 
  hour 
  before 
  and 
  one 
  

   hour 
  after 
  the 
  subcutaneous 
  injection 
  of 
  hydrochlorate 
  of 
  chinoline, 
  that 
  

   the 
  substance 
  produced 
  a 
  gradual 
  and 
  uniform 
  fall 
  of 
  temperature 
  to 
  the 
  

   extent 
  of 
  from 
  six 
  to 
  eight 
  degrees 
  below 
  the 
  normal. 
  In 
  all 
  of 
  these 
  

   instances 
  the 
  animal 
  recovered 
  from 
  the 
  effects, 
  and, 
  during 
  recovery, 
  the 
  

   temperature 
  slowly 
  rose 
  to 
  its 
  normal 
  limit. 
  This 
  action 
  we 
  regard 
  as 
  of 
  

   considerable 
  importance. 
  It 
  is 
  probably 
  to 
  be 
  explained 
  by 
  interference 
  

   with 
  nutritional 
  changes 
  between 
  the 
  blood 
  and 
  the 
  tissues, 
  and 
  also 
  by 
  

   the 
  diminution, 
  both 
  in 
  frequency 
  and 
  depth, 
  of 
  the 
  respiratory 
  

   movements. 
  

  

  III. 
  Action 
  of 
  Hydkochlokates 
  of 
  the 
  Highek 
  Bases 
  of 
  the 
  

   Chinoline 
  Series. 
  

  

  1. 
  Bases 
  obtained 
  by 
  distillation 
  between 
  200° 
  and 
  280° 
  C. 
  

   Lepidine 
  fyc, 
  C 
  10 
  H 
  9 
  N. 
  

  

  These 
  bases 
  produced 
  the 
  same 
  general 
  action 
  as 
  chinoline, 
  with 
  the 
  

   exceptions 
  (1) 
  that 
  the 
  dose 
  required 
  to 
  produce 
  a 
  state 
  of 
  complete 
  

   stupor 
  was 
  somewhat 
  smaller 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  case 
  of 
  chinoline, 
  and 
  (2) 
  that, 
  

  

  