﻿the 
  Action 
  of 
  the 
  Chinoline 
  and 
  Pyridine 
  Bases. 
  

  

  295 
  

  

  more 
  involved 
  as 
  we 
  proceed 
  upwards, 
  until, 
  in 
  the 
  highest 
  group, 
  we 
  

   have 
  substances 
  producing 
  powerful 
  convulsions. 
  

  

  3. 
  The 
  lethal 
  dose 
  is 
  smaller 
  for 
  the 
  higher 
  than 
  for 
  the 
  lower 
  mem- 
  

   bers 
  of 
  the 
  series. 
  

  

  IV. 
  Action 
  oe 
  Hydrochlorates 
  oe 
  the 
  Bases 
  m 
  the 
  

   Pyridine 
  Series. 
  

  

  The 
  physiological 
  action 
  of 
  the 
  bases 
  of 
  the 
  pyridine 
  series 
  was 
  next 
  

   examined 
  in 
  the 
  following 
  order 
  : 
  — 
  

  

  1. 
  Pyridine, 
  C 
  5 
  H 
  5 
  N. 
  

  

  The 
  hydrochlorate 
  of 
  this 
  base 
  produced 
  no 
  effects, 
  even 
  in 
  doses 
  of 
  

   6 
  grains 
  per 
  pound 
  weight, 
  other 
  than 
  slight 
  excitement 
  and 
  acceleration 
  

   of 
  the 
  pulse 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  respiratory 
  movements. 
  The 
  animal, 
  judging 
  

   from 
  its 
  gait 
  and 
  demeanour, 
  appeared 
  to 
  be 
  in 
  a 
  state 
  analogous 
  to 
  in- 
  

   toxication. 
  It 
  recovered 
  without 
  any 
  bad 
  effects. 
  

  

  2. 
  Picoliue, 
  C 
  6 
  H 
  7 
  N. 
  

  

  The 
  substance 
  was 
  employed 
  both 
  in 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  base 
  dissolved 
  in 
  

   water 
  and 
  as 
  a 
  hydrochlorate. 
  The 
  salt 
  was 
  found 
  to 
  be 
  more 
  active 
  

   physiologically 
  than 
  the 
  base, 
  but 
  the 
  kind 
  of 
  action 
  was 
  the 
  same. 
  The 
  

   general 
  effect 
  was 
  to 
  produce, 
  with 
  a 
  dose 
  of 
  3 
  grains 
  per 
  pound 
  weight, 
  

   in 
  the 
  first 
  place, 
  general 
  excitement 
  and 
  a 
  full 
  bounding 
  pulse. 
  This 
  

   state 
  was 
  followed 
  by 
  a 
  drowsy 
  condition, 
  which 
  did 
  not 
  pass, 
  with 
  even 
  

   a 
  dose 
  of 
  6 
  grains 
  per 
  pound 
  weight, 
  into 
  complete 
  stupor. 
  The 
  rabbit 
  

   could 
  always 
  be 
  readily 
  aroused. 
  While 
  in 
  the 
  drowsy 
  condition, 
  the 
  

   pulse 
  fell 
  in 
  frequency 
  and 
  volume, 
  and 
  the 
  respirations 
  became 
  feebler*. 
  

  

  3. 
  Lutidine, 
  C 
  7 
  H 
  9 
  N. 
  

  

  • 
  The 
  effects 
  were 
  similar 
  to 
  those 
  produced 
  by 
  picoline, 
  only 
  more 
  

   marked. 
  A 
  dose 
  of 
  3 
  grains 
  per 
  pound 
  weight 
  produced 
  deep 
  stupor, 
  

   from 
  which 
  the 
  animal 
  could 
  not 
  be 
  aroused. 
  It 
  remained 
  in 
  this 
  con- 
  

   dition 
  for 
  a 
  period 
  of 
  from 
  two 
  to 
  three 
  hours. 
  The 
  pulsations 
  of 
  the 
  

   heart 
  were 
  much 
  reduced 
  in 
  volume, 
  but 
  only 
  slightly 
  in 
  frequency 
  ; 
  but 
  

   it 
  was 
  clearly 
  observable 
  that 
  the 
  respirations 
  were 
  much 
  less 
  deep 
  than 
  in 
  

   the 
  natural 
  condition, 
  and 
  they 
  were 
  reduced 
  in 
  frequency 
  by 
  about 
  one 
  

   third. 
  In 
  a 
  case 
  of 
  death 
  from 
  a 
  lethal 
  dose 
  of 
  4 
  grains 
  per 
  pound, 
  

   there 
  was 
  venous 
  congestion 
  in 
  all 
  parts 
  of 
  the 
  body, 
  but 
  the 
  heart 
  was 
  

   still 
  feebly 
  pulsating. 
  It 
  was 
  observed 
  that 
  the 
  blood 
  had 
  a 
  peculiar 
  dark 
  

   chocolate-brown 
  appearance. 
  Examined 
  with 
  the 
  spectroscope, 
  it 
  showed 
  

   the 
  two 
  bands 
  of 
  oxyhemoglobin. 
  

  

  * 
  The 
  results 
  we 
  have 
  obtained 
  differ 
  considerably 
  from 
  those 
  described 
  by 
  H. 
  Yohl 
  

   and 
  H. 
  Eulenberg 
  in 
  their 
  paper 
  on 
  the 
  " 
  Physiological 
  Action 
  of 
  Tobacco 
  when 
  used 
  

   as 
  a 
  Narcotic, 
  with 
  especial 
  reference 
  to 
  the 
  Constituents 
  of 
  Tobacco-Smoke," 
  Archiv 
  

   Pharm. 
  [2] 
  cxlvii. 
  130-166. 
  

  

  