﻿564- 
  Influence 
  of 
  Stature 
  on 
  Weight 
  of 
  Encephalon. 
  [June 
  17, 
  

  

  Evidence 
  can 
  be 
  given 
  in 
  support 
  of 
  these 
  propositions 
  from 
  the 
  

   examination 
  of 
  foetal 
  brains 
  and 
  the 
  brains 
  of 
  idiots, 
  the 
  former 
  of 
  which 
  

   exhibit 
  a 
  remarkable, 
  early, 
  and 
  special 
  tendency 
  to 
  deviations 
  in 
  sym- 
  

   metry 
  in 
  the 
  neighbourhood 
  of 
  the 
  left 
  fissure 
  of 
  Eolando. 
  

  

  I 
  regard 
  this 
  as 
  merely 
  a 
  preliminary 
  notice 
  of 
  a 
  future 
  communication. 
  

  

  XVII. 
  " 
  On 
  the 
  Influence 
  of 
  Stature 
  on 
  the 
  Weight 
  of 
  the 
  Ence- 
  

   phalon 
  and 
  its 
  parts 
  in 
  Man." 
  By 
  John 
  Marshall, 
  E.R.S., 
  

   F.R.C.S.E., 
  Professor 
  of 
  Surgery, 
  University 
  College, 
  London, 
  

   &c. 
  Received 
  June 
  17, 
  1875. 
  

  

  Being 
  anxious, 
  for 
  a 
  certain 
  special 
  purpose, 
  to 
  determine 
  the 
  influence 
  

   of 
  stature 
  on 
  the 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  encephalon 
  and 
  its 
  parts 
  in 
  Man, 
  I 
  have, 
  

   with 
  the 
  consent 
  and 
  ready 
  assistance 
  of 
  Dr. 
  Robert 
  Boyd, 
  further 
  

   analyzed 
  the 
  MS. 
  records 
  of 
  the 
  numerous 
  data 
  accumidated 
  by 
  him, 
  

   from 
  which 
  he 
  framed 
  his 
  tables 
  published 
  in 
  the 
  Philosophical 
  Trans- 
  

   actions 
  for 
  1861. 
  

  

  1. 
  I 
  find, 
  first, 
  that, 
  as 
  might 
  be 
  expected, 
  an 
  increase 
  of 
  stature 
  is 
  

   accompanied 
  by 
  an 
  increase 
  in 
  the 
  absolute 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  encephalon 
  or 
  

   entire 
  brain 
  in 
  both 
  sexes. 
  

  

  Taking 
  both 
  sexes 
  together, 
  the 
  total 
  increase, 
  with 
  a 
  mean 
  range 
  of 
  

   11 
  inches 
  between 
  the 
  highest 
  and 
  lowest 
  group 
  of 
  individuals 
  examined, 
  

   is 
  about 
  6| 
  oz. 
  av. 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  male 
  series, 
  with 
  a 
  mean 
  range 
  of 
  7 
  inches, 
  

   it 
  is 
  2| 
  oz. 
  ; 
  in 
  the 
  female 
  series, 
  with 
  a 
  mean 
  range 
  of 
  6 
  inches, 
  it 
  is 
  

   1| 
  oz. 
  

  

  Of 
  this 
  increase 
  in 
  absolute 
  weight, 
  the 
  cerebrum, 
  in 
  both 
  sexes, 
  neces- 
  

   sarily 
  takes 
  a 
  larger 
  share 
  than 
  the 
  cerebellum 
  ; 
  but 
  having 
  regard 
  to 
  the 
  

   relative 
  weights 
  of 
  those 
  two 
  organs, 
  viz. 
  as 
  about 
  8 
  to 
  1, 
  their 
  relative 
  

   increase 
  is 
  as 
  about 
  11 
  to 
  1 
  ; 
  so 
  that 
  the 
  cerebrum 
  increases 
  absolutely 
  

   more 
  than 
  the 
  cerebellum. 
  

  

  The 
  pons 
  with 
  the 
  medulla 
  follows 
  the 
  rate 
  of 
  increase 
  of 
  the 
  cerebellum. 
  

  

  2. 
  But, 
  secondly, 
  I 
  find 
  that, 
  notwithstanding 
  this 
  absolute 
  increase 
  in 
  

   the 
  weight 
  of 
  the 
  encephalon 
  and 
  its 
  parts 
  in 
  obedience 
  to 
  an 
  increase 
  of 
  

   the 
  stature, 
  the 
  increase 
  itself 
  is 
  not 
  pari 
  passu 
  with 
  the 
  stature 
  : 
  on 
  the 
  

   contrary, 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  gradual 
  and 
  progressive 
  relative 
  diminution 
  in 
  the 
  

   proportion 
  of 
  encephalic 
  substance 
  to 
  the 
  stature 
  as 
  this 
  latter 
  itself 
  

   increases. 
  

  

  This 
  is 
  equally 
  true 
  if 
  we 
  take 
  the 
  range 
  of 
  stature 
  in 
  both 
  sexes 
  

   together 
  or 
  in 
  either 
  sex 
  separately. 
  

  

  Hence 
  shorter 
  persons 
  of 
  either 
  sex 
  have, 
  proportionately 
  to 
  their 
  

   height, 
  a 
  larger 
  amount 
  of 
  brain 
  than 
  taller 
  ones. 
  Nevertheless 
  the 
  pro- 
  

   portion 
  is 
  larger 
  in 
  the 
  male 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  female, 
  not 
  only 
  generally, 
  but 
  

   even 
  at 
  corresponding 
  heights 
  — 
  as, 
  for 
  example, 
  in 
  short 
  men 
  as 
  compared 
  

   with 
  tall 
  women. 
  This 
  is 
  interesting, 
  as 
  evidence 
  that 
  the 
  well-known 
  

  

  