52 



Ungulates. This great and diversified order of Hoofed 

 Mammals presents very numerous instances which bear out our 

 present contention. It will serve the purpose best to enumerate, 

 first, the more graceful forms of Ungulates, and then the ugly 

 or unsymmetrical or less graceful forms, mentioning any points 

 as to their habits which concern the matter in question. 



The varied members of Genus Bos. Domestic and Wild 

 Cattle, except in a few species, are well-proportioned and 

 graceful in form ; the Sheep (except in regard to the great horns 

 of some wild species), and Goats, especially Ibex and Chamois, 

 are well-proportioned and well-formed ; the larger Antelopes, such 

 as Eland, Kudu, Oryx or Sable and Roan Antelope, Gazelles 

 of all species, Black Buck, Water Buck, Steinbok, Duikerbok, 

 Hartebeests, Prongbuck, all the large family of Cervidae (except 

 the Elk, which has horns and nasal prominences developed out 

 of proportion to the rest of the body, and very long legs), 

 Chevrotains, Vicunas, Llama ; among the Equidae, Zebras, 

 Wild Asses, especially Kiang and Onager, Equus Caballus or 

 the Domestic Horse in all its varieties (though among these 

 there are marked degrees of beauty of form). All these are 

 characterized by beauty of form and well-proportioned body 

 and limbs. In certain of them the size of head and length of 

 horns are somewhat out of proportion as regards appearance. 



Among this great group certain forms may be singled out 

 for general ugliness of shape or marked disproportion of head, 

 trunk or limbs, e.g., American Bison, Yak, Musk Ox, Saiga 

 Antelope, Wildebeest, Giraffes, Camels, Pigs (except perhaps the 

 Peccaries and the Red Bush Pig), Hippopotamus, Rhinoceros, 

 Elephants, Tapirs. 



As to the habits of the first group, they are, without excep- 

 tion, active ; but of the second group, certain individuals may 

 be alluded to more particularly. The Bison is active and 

 powerful to a great degree when these qualities are called upon, 

 but it can hardly be reckoned among the more actively-disposed 

 Ungulates. The Saiga Antelope, a small clumsy animal not 

 unlike a large wild sheep in size, is sluggish in mode of life, 

 though able, for a short distance, to cover the ground quickly, 

 but is said to be soon blown with exertion. Wildebeests are as 

 active as most Antelopes, but must be reckoned among the ill- 

 proportioned group on account of their great development of 

 head, neck and horns ; the general form of their bodies is elegant 



