1885.] Studies of Disinfectants by New Methods, 



275 



Ammonia, hydroxylamine, and the amines. — The same strength, of 

 solution of ammonia and the amines employed in the treatment of 

 sewage was also used in the experiments on typhoid matter. 



The 0*5 per cent, of typhoid stool was diluted with an equal volume 

 of these solutions, with of course the result that every 100 parts 

 contained by weight one-tenth of an equivalent of ammonia, 

 hydroxylamine, and the amines, and 0*25 per cent, of typhoid matter. 



As a control one volume of typhoid water was diluted with one 

 volume of sterilised water and cultivated side by side with the others. 

 At the end of four days the colonies were enumerated, the light brown 

 bacilli (a) and (b) were present as well as representatives of all others 

 seen in the control. 



"No. of colonies per gram 

 of typhoid matter 



taken. 



Methylamine 14,350 



Hydroxylamine . . ; 22,222 



Ethylamine. 33,333 



Propylamine 73,913 



Ammonia 103,703 



The control. 500,125 



The order in which the different amines stand is pretty well the 

 same as in the similar experiment on the disinfection of sewage (see 

 ante), but none of them seem to be strong disinfectants. 



The Pyridine Series. — 2 per cent, solutious of pyridine, C 5 H 5 N, 

 picoline, C 6 H 7 N, lutidine, C 7 H 9 N, and parvoline, C 9 H 13 N", were made in 

 20 per cent, alcohol. Equal volumes of these solutions were then 

 mixed with equal volumes of the 0*5 per cent, typhoid water, and after 

 the end of twenty-four hours weighed drops were cultivated. 



Pyridine. — The quantity taken for cultivation of the typhoid water 

 was equivalent to 0*5 mgrm. of the typhoid stool. After four days' 

 cultivation three colonies developed, two of these were common 

 moulds, the third a common bacillus. 



Picoline. — After four days' cultivation, a quantity of the solution 

 equivalent to 0"885 mgrm. of typhoid yielded fifteen colonies, five of 

 which were identical with the light brown bacillus (a) already 

 described. 



Lutidine. — After four days' cultivation, a quantity of the solution 

 equivalent to 0"62 mgrm. of typhoid stool yielded twelve colonies, all 

 of which seemed of a common kind. 



Parvoline. — After four days' cultivation, a quantity of the solution 

 equivalent to 0'85 mgrm. of typhoid stool yielded five colonies, five of 

 these were common forms of mould, one was the light brown bacillus 

 (6) previously described. 



Hence with regard to the members of this series experimented 



