Bodily Labour upon the Discharge of Nitrogen. 



453 



very unsatisfactory. Nearly all the experiments recorded in this 

 paper have been made with what is known as " dried julienne," 

 which, though in many respects greatly superior to fresh vegetable 

 for the purpose of these inquiries, in that it is possible to sample and 

 analyse it, fairly is open to the objection that it requires prolonged 

 soaking and careful cooking, otherwise it is exceedingly indigestible. 



During the progress of the last experiment, Mr. Darby prepared 

 for me, at my suggestion, a quantity of vegetables of various kinds, 

 by thorough cooking, draining away the water, carefully drying the 

 residue, and reducing it to a very fine powder. The product is supe- 

 rior to the dry julienne in many respects. It is already cooked ; it 

 possesses much more flavour, and being in a fine powder, is very easily 

 digested. I intend to use vegetables so prepared in all future expe- 

 riments. 



Milk. — This presented no difficulty. I was informed by the makers 

 that a "case" of condensed milk was invariably the product of one 

 operation, and in consequence the various tins in it would contain 

 milk of similar composition. Actual analysis showed this to be the 

 case. 



The milk was weighed in small tared beakers (50 grams in each), 

 the whole of the contents of a tin being weighed out at the same time, 

 in order that no change by evaporation might take place in the com- 

 position of the milk. When used, after scraping out as much as 

 possible with a spoon, I boiled the beaker in the water to be used for 

 making the cocoa, so tbat nothing was lost. 



Cocoa. — I used Van Houten's cocoa, because a small quantity suf- 

 fices, and when boiled with the condensed milk, diluted with water, 

 the "suspension" is perfect enough to enable the whole to be con- 

 sumed without loss. In this respect it is far superior for the purpose 

 to tea or coffee. 



Fruit. — I found throughout these experiments that fruit, in some 

 form or another, was almost a necessity and greatly contributed to 

 my comfort. I used for this purpose " American evaporated apples," 

 which contain no waste, are easily cooked, and exceedingly palatable. 



Fats. — Prepared " Australian beef marrow," as sold in the shops, 

 supplied the fat I required ; it contained no nitrogen. 



The other articles used, sugar, salt, tartaric a,cid, and carbonate of 

 soda (used for raising the bread), presented no difficulties what- 

 soever. 



Composition of the Diet. 



Flour 410 grams. 



Salt 1 



Tartaric acid ... . > of each. . 7 ,, 

 Carbonate of soda J 



