1871.] Dr. A. Schrauf on Molybdates and Vanadates of Lead. 451 



HaplophyUia paradoxa, and which was decided by him to belong to the 

 section Rugosa. 



The last expedition of the * Porcupine,' under the supervision of Dr. 

 Carpenter, F.R.S., and Mr. J. Gwyn Jeffreys, F.R.S., obtained, off the 

 Adventure Bank in the Mediterranean, many specimens of a coral which 

 has very remarkable structures and affinities. The species is described 

 under the name of Guynia annulata, Dane. The necessity of including it 

 amongst the Rugosa and in the same family, the Cyathoxonidce, as Haplo- 

 phyllia paradoxa is shown. 



Having this proof of the persistence of the rugose type from the 

 Palaeozoic seas to the present, the affinities of some so-called anomalous 

 genera of Midtertiary and Secondary deposits are critically examined. 

 The Australian tertiary genus Conosmilia, three of whose species have 

 strong structural resemblance with the Rugosa, is determined to be allied 

 to the Stauridce, and especially to the Permian genus Polyccelia. The 

 Secondary and Tertiary genera with hexameral, octomeral, or tetrameral and 

 decameral septal arrangements are noticed, and the rugose characteristics 

 of many lower Liassic and Rhetic species are examined. 



The impossibility of maintaining the distinctness of the Palaeozoic and 

 Neozoic coral-faunas is asserted ; and it is attempted to be proved that 

 whilst some rugose types have persisted, hexameral types have originated 

 from others, and have occasionally reverted to the original tetrameral 

 or octomeral types, and that the species of corals with the confused 

 and irregular septal members so characteristic of the lowest Neozoic strata 

 descended from those Rugosa which have an indefinite arrangement of the 

 septa. 



The relation between the Australian Tertiary and recent faunas, and those 

 of the later Palaeozoic and early Neozoic in Europe, is noticed, and also the 

 long-continued biological alliances between the coral-faunas of the two 

 sides of the Atlantic Ocean. 



II. "On the Molybdates and Vanadates of Lead, and on a new 

 Mineral from Leadhills." By Professor Dr. Albert Schrauf, 

 of Vienna. Communicated by Professor W. H. Miller, For. Sec. 

 R.S. (Translated from the Author's Manuscript by Count A. 

 Fr. Marschall.) Received March 9, 1871. 



In 1825 s ", Professor Wohler published the analysis of a rare variety of 

 pyromorphite from Leadhills, which he describes as an aggregation of very 

 diminutive, orange-red hexagonal crystals, fixed on cerussite. The nor- 

 mal constituents of pyromorphite are mixed in them with small quantities 

 of iron and arsenic. Professor Wohler having ascertained the existence of 

 vanadate of lead only five years later (1830), and the presence of partly 



* Poggendorff's Ann. vol. iv. p. 1G9. 



