1871.] 



on Protoplasmic Life. 



473 



The contents of the tubes were microscopically examined on the 1st of 

 December, twenty-four days after heating. 



Sugar solution 

 not heated. 



Heated for half 

 an hour at 

 212° Fahr. 



Heated for half 

 an hour at 

 300° Fahr. 



Heated for half 

 an hour at 

 400° Fahr. 



Heated for half 

 an hour at 

 500° Fahr. 



There were about 

 30 animalcules 

 under each field 

 of the micro- 

 scope, principal- 

 ly small black 

 vibrios, 2 or 

 3 microzymes 

 swimming slow- 

 ly about, 3 or 4 

 ordinary swim- 

 ming vibrios, and 

 a few Bacteria. 



A great portion 

 of the life had 

 disappeared, no 

 animalcules were 

 swimming ; still 

 this temperature 

 had not com- 

 pletely destroy- 

 ed life. 4 or 5 

 small black vi- 

 brios were ob- 

 served moving 

 energetically to 

 and fro ; 2 or 3 

 ordinary vibrios 

 were also ob- 

 served moving 

 energetically in 

 the same posi- 

 tion of the field, 

 that is, without 

 swimming about. 



The sugar was 

 slightly charred, 

 but the life was 

 not entirely de- 

 stroyed, as 1 or 

 2 ordinary vi- 

 brios and 1 or 2 

 small black vi- 

 brios were ob- 

 served in motion 

 under the field 

 of the micro- 

 scope. 



The sugar was 

 almost entirely 

 decomposed ; no 

 trace of life was 

 observed. 



No life observed. 



Remarks. — The black vibrios here referred to are far more opaque than 

 the other varieties of vibrios, and are the most important of all, as I have 

 found them to resist not only very high temperatures, but all chemical 

 solutions. I shall, in my paper on putrefaction and the action of anti- 

 septics, describe the various vibrios and give drawings of them. 



Hay Infusion. — An infusion of hay was made by macerating it in 

 common water for one hour, then filtering the liquor, and leaving it ex- 

 posed to the atmosphere all night, when it was sealed in the small tubes, 

 twelve of which were used for each experiment. The infusion was made on 

 the 4th of November, sealed in tubes on the 5th, and heated on the 7th. 



The results were examined on the 1st of December, 1870, twenty-four 

 days after being heated. 



