Xll 



termined by hearing alone, without the employment of sand, as inChladni's 

 experiment. 



In Miiller's ' Archiv fiir Anatomie und Physiologie' for 1834 he described 

 a compressorium for microscopic observation invented by himself, which 

 soon came into general use, and soon afterwards published, conjointly 

 with Valentin, an account of researches on ciliary movements observed in 

 the cavities of the brain. In 1838 followed his interesting experiments, in 

 conjunction with Pappenheim, on artificial digestion. In 1845, as already 

 stated, the same journal published his observations on the nerves. Purkinje 

 is also the author of many valuable articles in the ' Encyclopadisches 

 "Wbrterbuch der Medicinischen Wissenschaften,' and Wagner's 'Hand- 

 worterbuch der Physiologie of about sixty papers and lectures in the 

 publications of the ' Schlesisch-patriotischen Gesellschaft ' of Breslaw, of 

 physiological papers (in Polish) in the scientific journals published in 

 Cracow, of reviews and articles on the Sclavonic languages and literature. 

 He translated Tasso's * Gerusalemme Liberata,' many of Schiller's poems, 

 and all his Lyrics into Bohemian. 



At the Naturforscherversammlung, held at Prague in 1837, he antici- 

 pated Schwann in the announcement of the doctrine of the identity of 

 fundamental structure of plants and animals, but with this distinction 

 between the two cases, that he calls the elements of plants and those of 

 animals, cells and granules respectively. 



In 1 848 he attended the Meeting of the Sclavonic races in Prague, and 

 was present at the celebration of the five hundredth anniversary of the 

 foundation of the University, when the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy 

 was conferred on him. A long-cherished wish to be enabled to pass the 

 remainder of his days in his native country was gratified by his nomination 

 to the Professorship of Physiology in the University of Prague in the 

 summer of 1850. His first care was the due equipment of the Physio- 

 logical Institute, at that time recently established. This he effected in a 

 satisfactory manner in the course of a year. His next endeavour was to 

 promote the cultivation of the Natural Sciences among the Bohemian- 

 speaking population, and with this view he became one of the editors of the 

 Natural-History Journal 'Ziva' from 1853 to 1864, and also contributed 

 many articles to the Journal of the Bohemian Museum. 



One of the most important of his later researches was a careful investiga- 

 tion of the sound perceived in the interior of the skull. On examining the 

 inmates of a deaf and dumb asylum, he found, as some previous observers 

 had discovered, that almost all possess the power of hearing through the 

 skull. 



His election as a Foreign Member of the Royal Society took place in 1850. 

 He was corresponding Member of the French Institute, Member of the 

 Academies of Vienna, Berlin, and St. Petersburg, and of many other learned 

 Societies. He retained his vigour of body and mind up to the last days of 

 his life. His death, after an illness of no long duration, on the 28th of 

 July, 1869, was mourned by every class of Society in Bohemia. 



