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have a blacksmith make a pair of long and strong- 

 shafts. Flace these in your buggy so that the 

 horse can do no damage. You will find in another 

 part of this book how Prof. Hagerling's shafts 

 are made, or they can be purchased from the in- 

 ventor for seven dollars. By using a light rig 

 you get less balking and not so many sore spots. 



It is not a good thing to put a severe bit in a 

 horse's mouth when breaking him, nor is it wise 

 to pull on the lines when you ask him to go. 

 Slacken the lines and give him his head. Don't 

 allow the horse to pull with the bit instead of 

 with the trace. More horses are made balky in 

 this way than in any other. 



If a horse braces his legs in a balky position, 

 crack him on the legs with the whip and say, 

 ''stand straight." Compel him to stand squarely 

 on four legs before you ask him to go. 



We also have some who cause their horses to 

 balk by driving them too fast the first time or 

 two they hitch them up and place them upon the 

 road. I mean by this, that if your horses should 

 stop in the road and refuse to go, don't do as the 

 majority of drivers do, but let him take his time 

 and treat him with kindness. Most drivers, in 

 handling a balky animal, get the idea into their 

 heads that as soon as a balky horse has been 

 started he must be driven as fast and as hard as 

 possible in order to break him of this habit. This 

 is not the case. Practice of this kind will make 

 him all the more balky. The second time he makes 

 a stop with you, after he has been treated in this 

 manner, you wili find that he is a great deal more 

 obstinate and much harder to start. Why? Be- 

 cause he has been tired out, leg worry, completely 

 pumped out of wind, and feels that he has been 

 misused ; where, on the other hand, if he had been 



