26 



NEW-YORK FARMER AND 



generally intersect the elevated sides of rising grounds, 

 and the towering clouds of dust that are frequently ele- 

 vated by the force of furious winds, that sweep with 

 tenfold force along the surface cf contracted valleys, 

 perhaps counteract the. operations of descending rains ; 

 and those elevated summits whose soils may by de- 

 grees descend partially around their undulated sides, 

 impede the dusty cloud n its progress ; every chink 

 L'nd crevice receives its full supply, and scarce a single 

 particle of the drifted soil returns to its humble bed. 



But to conclude, it is by no means in light sandy 

 soils, that the horticulturist is to excel in this country. 

 Owing to the great degrees of heat and dryness of our 

 atmosphere in the summer months, such soils are, of 

 all others, the most unprofitable, and with every degree 

 of pains and care in their management, frequently dis- 

 appoint the anxious expectations of their unfortunate 

 cultivators. It is in the loamy, strong, stiff, and even 

 clayey soils, that the American horticulturist is to ex- 

 hibit the most noble specimens of superior vegetation. 

 He has nothing to fear from the moisture or stiffness of 

 any soil ; where springs abound, they are inexhausti- 

 ble sources of fertility, especially when conveyed in 

 drains under the surface; and the extremities of our 

 winter frosts, and summer suns, are perpetual accu- 

 mulators to their never ending progress in worth and 

 fertility. 



— .~»>6©e»*"~ 



[For the New- York Parmer snd Horticultural Repository.] 

 •ART. 22. — Some account of the Camellia Japoni- 

 ca, with practical observations on its culture. By 

 Thomas Hogg, nurseryman, ofNew-Yotk. 



This beautiful and hardy green-house shrub, is a na- 

 tive of China, and was introduced into England in the 

 year 1739. Since that period, a number ofbeautiful 

 double varieties have been introduced from the same 

 country, and many others have been produced from 

 I. It is very probable in a few years we shall have 

 as creat a variety of Camellias, as there are of Tulips. 

 Pinks, Carnations, Auriculas, &c. The number of va- 

 rieties in England, as enumerated in the last edition of 

 Sweet's Ilortus Britanicus, are twenty-nine. 



Single red, 



do. white. 

 Semi-double red, 

 Double red, 

 Myrtle leaved, 

 Lady Longs', 

 Sis sided, 

 Loddiges red, 

 Sled Warratah, 

 Carnation do. 

 Blush do. 

 White do. 

 Thew blush, 

 P'jeony flowered, 



Welbanks, 



Pale yellow, 

 Bull;" 



Double while 

 Fringed do. 

 Doubl 

 Thick nci . 

 Expanded, 

 ! 1 1! flowered, 

 Lady Cambell's, 

 Long leaved, 

 Striped Warratah, 

 Semi-double white, se- 

 sanqua, 



Double rosea sesanqua, 

 Ml the varieties that have as yet flowered in this 



country, have been raised from seed by Mr. Floy, nur- 

 sery man in this city, a skillful and industrious horti- 

 culturist. The first variety flowered with him, about 

 two years ago. This variety differs but little from 

 the Warratah or Anemone flowered, except that its 

 centre flower leaves are variegated with white, which 

 is not so in the other sort, being all of a bright crimson 

 color. The varieties that have lately flowered with him, 

 are a new single red, very fine, and two double crim- 

 son, one of which I think thr exceeds any of the other 

 red varieties that I have seen, in brilliancy of color and 

 in the regular formation of its flowers. Next season 

 we may expect a great number of his (Mr. Floy's,) 

 seedlings to flower, as they are at present very fine 

 thrifty plants. 



The acknowledged beauty of the flowers and fob' 

 of the Camellia, surpasses commendation or descrip- 

 tion ; it is not even necessary to recommend it as an 

 essential ornament to the green-house or parlor, it be- 

 ing universally admired and desired. As it respect- 

 its cultivation, there is no green-house plant more har- 

 dy, or of more easy cultivation than the Camellia. A 

 visit to the nursery gardens in the neighborhood of 

 London, would easily establish this assertion, and like- 

 wise prove the admiration in which this plant is held, 

 by the immense quantity that are grown and sold every 

 year, by all and every description of nurserymen. 

 The most suitable mould or soil for the health and 

 growth of this plant, is a free or open black bog earth, 

 well mixed with about one third of yellow loam. Such 

 a soil is easily to be obtained in every part of thi* 

 country. Every kind of manure is poison to this plant. 

 Shade in the summer, and frequent watering over tin 

 leaves from the rose of the watering pot, is of essentia! 

 service to its growth, for it is the nature of this plant 

 to delight in a moist shady situation. The single Ca- 

 irn. Ilia is easily propagated by cuttings of well ripened 

 wood put in pots, filled with a mixture of bog earth and 

 w.iite sand. They ought to be kept well watered and 

 placed in a shady situation. The month of August is 

 the best time to put in the cuttings. They will be well 

 rooted before the spring. They ought to remain in the 

 same pot till they have made one growth. In the 

 month of August, that is, twelve months from the time 

 the cuttings were put in the pots, they will be fit to 

 transplant into small pots. The second year, that is, 

 after they have made a year's growth, they will be 

 laro-e enough for inoculation or inarching. No other 

 care is necessary but to see that they arc kept well wa- 

 tered, and in a shady place during the heat of the sum- 

 mer months. The time of flowering is from January 

 till May. 



Culture op Tea in Brazil. — Botanic gardens arc 

 established throughout the country by government, who 

 have directed the attention of cultivators to Camellia, 



