10 



NEW-YORK FARMER AND 



of the office of the Horticultural Society of Paris, at 

 'No. 1 Rue Taranne, where all communicationa may 

 be addressed, or to Mr. Alexander Eyries, correspond- 

 ing member, Havre. 



— me®©** — 



[For the N. T. Farmer and Horticultural Repository.] 

 ART. 7. — Diseases to which Peach Trees are sub- 

 ject. By A. Parmentier, proprietor of the Horticul- 

 tural Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, L. I. JVeio-Forfc. 



In this country the peach tree is attacked principally 

 by worms that feed upon the roots, near the surface of 

 the ground. Few remedies have been employed with 

 success. It appears, however, as I have been inform- 

 ed by a farmer of New-Jersey, that the application of 

 fish placed about the foot of the tree, drives away the 

 worms. Last year I removed many worms from a 

 peach tree to make the wounds which I had made to 

 appear. I employed with great success, bruised sor- 

 rel applied as a plaster, tied upon the wounds. I have 

 used bruised sorrel in Europe with equal success upon 

 gummed parts of the plum tree and apricot. It was 

 this use of it which first gave me the idea of applying 

 it to the peach tree. 



It is very advantageous to make in the summer, 

 .-.'mall heaps of earth about five or six inches high, 

 around the foot of the trees. The insect goes upon 

 them and deposits its eggs a little way under the ground 

 in the tree. In the fall, on removing the earth, the 

 eggs are left uncovered and perish by the frost. 



After the worms the yellows is the malady which 

 causes the premature death of peach trees. I believe 

 that the cause depends in a great measure, on a de- 

 fect in setting out the trees ; and it is this upon which 

 I found my reasoning. I have observed in this coun- 

 try, that for the most part in setting out trees, the earth 

 is very rarely dug up more than two spades deep. 

 The tree is put in, the root3 are covered, and it is 

 abandoned. If the tree is vigorous, the roots soon 

 extend in the loose soil, until they reach the hard and 

 impenetrable earth. On vegetating, in the spring, the 

 roots are forced towards the surface of the ground, 

 where they become victims of insects. Finally the 

 free deteriorates in its nature, and a premature death 

 follows. 



A hole of three feet deep and four broad, is not too 

 large. Sods of about three inches in thickness, cut 

 fine with the spade, should be put in the hole to the 

 depth of two feet, and covered with about one inch of 

 good earth. Then put in the tree and cover the roots 

 with loose mellow earth or vegetable mould. Pre- 

 caution should be taken against the sinking of the earth, 

 which ought to be calculated at one inch for one foot. 

 If the tree is planted too deep, it will vegetate poorlv, 

 and must perish at length, without producing but poor 

 frail- I shall novcr sell peach trees without giving 



these directions to those persons who have confidence 

 in me. 



As to the cloque, it is produced by the interruption of 

 the sap in the cold nights of spring. It often appears 

 that but one part of the plantation is attacked, and only 

 those trees which are in a current of air. This disease 

 is not very dangerous. It more frequently kills the 

 fruit ; and it is prudent to take them off, because the 

 tree, suffering by the loss of a great part of the leaves, 

 is under the necessity to recruit its strength. I have 

 employed with success, the remedy which I make use 

 of to kill the ants and other small insects, that take the 

 substance from the leaves of the tree.* If the trees 

 are thus taken care of, they will be thrifty the following 

 year. 



* Mr. P. will give the receipt to the editor for communication 

 to the public. 



— "►»©©©<"• — 



[From Memoirs of the New- York Board of Agriculture.] 

 ART. 8. — Remarks on the construction and man- 

 agement of Cattle Yards. — By J. Buel, of Albany. 



Vegetables, like animals, cannot thrive or subsist 

 without food ; and upon the quantity and quality of 

 this depends the health and vigor of the vegetable, as 

 well as of the animal. Both subsist upon animal and 

 vegetable matter — both may be surfeited with excess — 

 both may be injured by food not adapted to their habits, 

 their appetites, or their digestive powers. A hog will 

 receive no injury but great benefit, from free access to 

 a heap of corn or wheat, where a horse or cow will be 

 apt to destroy themselves by excess. The goat will 

 thrive upon the boughs and bark of trees, where the 

 hog would starve. The powerful robust maize will re- 

 pay, in the increase of its grain, for a heavy dressing of 

 strong dung ; for which the more delicate wheat will 

 requite you with very little but straw. The potaioe 

 feeds ravenously, and grows luxuriantly, upon the 

 coarsest litter ; while many of the more tender exotics 

 will thrive only on food upon which fermentation has 

 exhausted its powers. But here the analogy stops, 

 for while the food of the one is consumed in a sound 

 healthy, and generally solid state, the food of the other, 

 before it becomes aliment, must undergo the process 

 of putrefaction or decomposition, and be reduced to a 

 liquid or aeriform state. 



I have gone into the analogy between animals and 

 vegetables thus far, to impress upon the minds of our 

 farmers the importance of saving, and of applying, the 

 '"nod of their vegetables with the same care and econo- 

 my that they do the food of their animals. How scru- 

 pulously careful is the good husbandman of the produce 

 of his firm, destined to nourish and fatten his animals : 

 and yet how often careless of the food which can alone 

 nourish and mature his plants ! While his fields are 

 gleaned, and his grain, hay, oud roots, carefully honsoJ. 



