Vlll 



other. It was this perfect grasp of the whole subject — this familiarity 

 with the infinite complexities of structure and function in the animal 

 organism, and with all possible methods of exploring them, that made 

 Ludwig unsurpassable as a teacher. The motive which attracted men 

 to him was the assurance that they would receive the best guid- 

 ance in whatever line of physiological inquiry he advised them to 

 pursue, and that they would, if genuine students, be welcome not only 

 to his laboratory, but to his sympathy and friendship. Ludwig in 

 the midst of his students seemed to be happier than anywhere else,, 

 for here two joys were experienced together — the joy of satisfying 

 that thirst for discovery which was as insatiable in the last years of 

 his life as it had been in his best days, and that of communicating 

 his own enthusiasm to younger men and engaging their energies in 

 new work. 



The Leipzig Institute was an observatory, the work of which was 

 carried out in away which such a director as Ludwig can alone make 

 successful. For every worker he found a problem, reserving the 

 more intricate ones for those who were possessed of the requisite 

 training and insight," but at the same time finding simpler, but not 

 useless, occupation for those who, with less gifts, had patience and 

 industry. In the publication of the final results of the researches 

 which he initiated, he gave, as is well known, more than full credit 

 to his junior coadjutors ; so much so that even the most important 

 papers in the well-known ' Arbeiten ' appear under the names of the 

 students who carried out the work under bis direction. 



In can readily be understood that Ludwig's relation to his young 

 friends, as he called them, was of an exceptional kind. For he was- 

 felt to be as superior to other men in respect of his moral nature as- 

 he surpassed them in genius. The same sincerity and earnestness 

 which actuated him in his laboratory work were also the motiyes of 

 his ordinary life. Thus it happened that those who worked with him r 

 however grateful they might be for the advantages they enjoyed and 

 the instruction they received, esteemed it to be an even greater 

 privilege to come into personal relation with one who possessed so- 

 noble, so loving, and so lovable a nature. 



J. B. S. 



Charles Cardalb Babington, was born at Ludlow, on the 23rd 

 of November, 1808. His father, who was originally a member of the 

 medical profession, afterwards becoming a clergyman of the Church 

 of England, took considerable interest in botany. Whilst his son was- 

 still a schoolboy he retired from work and settled at Bath. The 

 subject of our present memoir entered St. John's College, Cambridge, 

 at the age of eighteen, took his B.A. degree four years later, and hi& 

 M.A. at the age of + wenty-five. At first his inclinations were towards 



