An Experimental hiqidry into Scurvy. 



257 



viously described. In only one case was it delayed forty days ; in 

 the other cases it commenced between the fourth and seventh day, 

 except in monkey No. 8, in which it did not commence until the 

 seventeenth day. In these, as in the previous monkeys, diarrhoea, 

 although always occurring, was somewhat intermittent. 



Out of those eight monkeys, in no less than six was it seen that the 

 motions were not of the simple diarrhoeaic character of the former 

 group, but contained blood and mucus. In monkeys Nos. 7 and 12 the 

 blood and mucus appeared on the eighth and ninth day respectively, 

 while in the other cases it was more delayed, the diarrhoea having 

 continued for some time previous to its appearance. In some of the 

 cases the motions just l)efore death consisted principally of blood and 

 mucus. 



When we turn to the appearance of the gums, we find that in five 

 out of the eight monkeys included in this group they showed spongi- 

 ness, and in some cases even small ulcers forming. The sponginess of 

 the gums was most marked around the incisors and bicuspids, and, as a 

 rule, did not occur around the molars at all. 



The monkeys belonging to this group sat in the same cramped posi- 

 tion, with roughened coats, as already described in the previous group. 

 They showed a more marked disinclination to move, or to take interest 

 in objects around them ; but in no cases did they show any signs of 

 definite tenderness of their limbs when handled. Only in one case 

 (No. 7) was there any indication of bruising. In this monkey a few 

 days before death two bruises developed on his left knee, about J cm. 

 in diameter, of a dirty red-brown colour, and also sores showed on the 

 sole of the right foot and at the root of the tail. 



In all these cases, as in previous monkeys, an autopsy was carried 

 out. In no single instance was there found any signs of haemorrhage 

 or haemorrhages into the pleura, pericardium, or peritoneum. The 

 gums in Nos. 8 and 10 were not only spongy, but had a tendency to 

 the formation of ulcers at the root of the incisors. 



The stomach and small intestine showed little or no change, while, 

 on the other hand, the large intestine was, in the majority of cases 

 (except Nos. 6 and 13), markedly congested, the congestion being, as a 

 rule, most noticeable at the sigmoid flexure and caecum. The contents 

 of the small intestine were light yellow, while the large intestine con- 

 tained more or less bloody mucus. 



The only thing else abnormal to be noticed was that in No. 7 

 the liver was enlarged and fatty, showing markedly the line of the 

 ribs. 



We now come to consider the Third Group (Table III). In this the 

 monkeys were fed on boiled rice with 50 grammes of tainted meat and 

 maize daily, but each monkey received, in addition, an apple or a 

 banana. 



