THE 



AMERICAN NATURALIST 



Vol. XLVII March, 1913 No. 555 



DISTBIBUTIOX AND SPECIES-FOEMING OF 

 ECTO-PABASITES 1 



PROFESSOR VERNON LYMAN KELLOGG 

 Stanford University, California 



I 



Four years ago I completed, and published in Wyts- 

 man's " Genera Insectorum, " a catalogue of the Mallo- 

 phaga (biting bird lice) of the world. This list gives the 

 host distribution of each of the known species and the 

 place or country of capture of the actual host individuals 

 for all cases in which these localities had been recorded. 

 It is, then, a classified list of the known Mallophagan spe- 

 cies with their known geographic and host distribution. 



I have now in hand, nearly completed, as complement 

 to this already published catalogue, a classified list of all 

 the hosts, bird and mammal, from which Mallophaga 

 have been taken, together with the names of all the para- 

 sites recorded from each species, and not only again the 

 actual geographical records of capture but also a state- 

 ment of the general geographical distribution of each 

 host species. I have determined, for the birds at least, 

 which form the great bulk of the hosts, the synonymy of 

 the various names used for them by the various collectors 

 and reduced them all to the basis of the British Museum 

 Catalogue of the Birds of the World. 



By these two lists, namely, the catalogue of parasite 



'Parts of this paper were read before a general meeting at the Second 

 International Congress of Entomology, Oxford, August, 1912. 



129 



