No. 545] 



ORIGIN OF UNIT CHARACTERS 



261 



indicated by Boas, Elliot Smith, and Ripley, as well as 

 by Hrdlicka, as quoted above. Thus Ripley (1899), p. 

 55) observes: 



The plotting of cephalic indices on a map of Europe shows that 

 of distribution outward. 



In Italy over 300,000 individuals taken from every 

 little hamlet have been measured. In the extreme south 

 we find the dolichocephalic head form of the typical 

 Mediterranean race; the type changes gradually as we 

 go north until in Piedmont we find an extreme of brachy- 



