3 i8 NOVUM ORGANUM. 



and the same is the case from the beginning in burning and pesti 

 lential fevers. 



11. Let farther inquiry be made as to the comparative heat in 

 different animals, as fishes, quadrupeds, serpents, birds ; and also with 

 reference to their species, as in the lion, the kite, the man ; for in 

 common opinion fishes are least hot internally, birds most so ; especially 

 doves, hawks, ostriches. 



12. Let further inquiry be made concerning the comparative heat 

 in different parts and members of the same animal. For milk, blood, 

 seed, eggs, are found to be moderately warm, and less hot than the 

 outer flesh of the animal when in motion or agitated. But what is the 

 degree of heat in the brain, stomach, heart, and other parts, has not 

 yet been in like manner investigated. 



13. All animals in winter and cold weather become cold externally, 

 but internally they are thought to be even hotter. 



14. The heat of the heavenly bodies, even in the hottest regions, 

 and at the hottest times of the year and day, does not attain power 

 enough to inflame or burn either the driest wood or straw, or even 

 tinder, unless it be strengthened by burning mirrors ; but yet it can 

 extract vapour out of moist substances. 



15. According to the report of astronomers, some stars are hotter 

 than others. For among the Planets, after the Sun, Mars is set down 

 as the hottest, then comes Jupiter, and then Venus ; among the cold 

 are reckoned the Moon, and, above all, Saturn. And among the 

 fixed stars, Sirius is accounted hottest, then Cor Leonis, or Regulus, 

 then Canicula, &c. 



1 6. The Sun gives out more heat in proportion as it approaches the 

 perpendicular or zenith, and this may be held to be the case with the 

 other Planets also in their degrees of heat ; for example, Jupiter gives 

 us more heat when he is situated in Cancer or Leo, than when in 

 Capricorn or Aquarius. 



17. We must believe that the Sun itself and the other Planets give 

 out greater heat in perigee, on account of their propinquity to the earth, 

 than in apogee. But if it happens that in any region the Sun is in 

 perigee, and at the same time near to the perpendicular, he must 

 necessarily give more heat than in a region where he is also in perigee, 

 but more oblique. So that a comparison of the altitude of planets 

 ought to be noted, as they are more perpendicular or oblique in 

 different regions. 



18. The Sun, and the other Planets likewise, are thought to give 

 more heat when near the larger fixed stars ; thus, when the Sun is in 

 Leo he is nearer Cor Leonis, Cauda Leonis, Spica Virginis, Sirius, and 

 Canicula, than when he is in Cancer, although he then is more per 

 pendicular. And it is to be believed that those quarters of the heavens 

 shed the greatest heat (although not perceptible to the touch) which are 

 the most plentifully adorned with stars, especially the larger ones. 



19. To sum up, the heat of the Heavenly Bodies is increased in 

 three ways, viz., by perpendicularity, by propinquity or perigee, and by 

 conjunction or combination of stars. 



