xli 



compound marine engine ; and throughout his period of service the 

 British Navy led the way in the development both of armour and of 

 ordnance. He was an accomplished linguist, and possessed great 

 literary ability and aptitude. 



W. J. J. W, 



Charles Spence "Bate was born at Trenick, near Truro, on the 

 16th of March, 1818. He was the elder son of Mr. Charles Bate, 

 who practised as a dentist at Plymouth. He received his education 

 at the Truro Grammar School, and afterwards was for two years in 

 the surgery of Mr. Blewett. He then gave himself to the study of 

 dentistry with his father, and on becoming qualified, commenced 

 practice in Swansea, in 1841. Here he acquired a good practice, and 

 by association with the scientific men of the place his taste for those 

 branches of natural history with which his name was afterwards so 

 closely associated was fostered and developed. After a residence of 

 ten years in Swansea, Mr. Bate returned to Plymouth, where he 

 succeeded to the dental practice of his father. In his profession he 

 stood very high, enjoying a great repute for skill both in its 

 purely surgical and mechanical branches. He contributed numerous 

 papers on dental subjects to the 'Lancet,' the 'Medical Times and 

 Gazette,' the ' British Journal of Dental Science,' and the ' Transac- 

 tions of the Odontological Society.' He was President of the British 

 Dental Association in 1883, of the Odontological Society of Great 

 Britain in 1885, and of Section XII of the International Medical 

 Congress held in London in 1881. As a naturalist Mr. Bate's 

 favourite study was the Crustacea, and in the development and 

 morphology of this group he did most of the work by which his name 

 will long be remembered. The work which first brought his name 

 prominently before the scientific world, was the ' Natural History 

 of the British Sessile-Eyed Crustacea,' in the production of which he 

 was associated with Professor Westwood. The difficulties of a work 

 like this— embracing as it did so large a field in which but little 

 had previously been done — were very great, and it cannot be 

 wondered at that some of its conclusions and observations have 

 already been superseded by others made under more favourable 

 circumstances and with all the advantages of added experience and 

 increased facilities of research. Still, however, this work remains 

 the standard authority on its branch of Carcinology. Mr. Bate's 

 most recent work was his report on the Crustacea Macrura of the 

 " Challenger " Expedition. This laborious and comprehensive work 

 occupies two large volumes of the Official Report of the Expedition, 

 and is illustrated by 1*50 lithographic plates, almost all of them 

 drawn by Mr. Bate. These are admirably done and of themselves 

 form an enduring monument to the conscientious industry and 



