of the Pyramids, and Temples in the Sudan. 



337 



attempt to deal with the remains of the pyramids which are scattered 

 about on the rocky plateau on the south side of the mountain, and I 

 limited my inquiry to the seven which stood on the top of it. In 

 Plan I these are set out to a scale of 30 inches to the mile, and thanks 

 to the kindness of Colonel the Hon. M. G. Talbot, K.E., their position 

 is very accurately indicated.* The bearings were taken with a pris- 

 matic compass, the variation of which was determined by comparison 

 with an astronomical azimuth; but owing to the irregularities of the 

 masonry, they cannot be relied upon to nearer than 2°. The distances 

 were paced. The variation between the true north and the magnetic 

 north was estimated at 5J C , and this estimate has been confirmed from 



Plan I. 



^Vi>a°from T.N. 

 (Lepsius 13) 



Pi&nkhi's TsmpLe (Lepsius L) izffrom T.N. 

 Tirhak<zh's~fernpLe(LepsiusA)i43 a fromT.N. 



Scale 2772 , or 30 inches to l Kibe. 

 Yds.io so 10 so 30 40 so 60 to eo 90 looYds. 



The Pyramids of Gebel Barkal. 



an examination of an Admiralty map,f which I have been so fortunate 

 as to have had placed at my disposal. On looking at the plan, we 

 notice that one pyramid is oriented at 129° from the true north, three 



* My friend Colonel Talbot, who was employed by the Egyptian Government to 

 make the triangulation and general survey of the Sudan for military purposes, 

 obtained astronomical azimuths from time to time, to determine the variation of 

 his compass bearings, and he made use of such data in preparing the two plans 

 which accompany this paper. He employed an azimuth compass. I did not use 

 plumb-lines for finding the alignments, but a steel tape stretched horizontally 

 along the general surface of the pyramid was taken as the direction of ea^h side. 



t The Admiralty map here referred to was specially prepared in the Hydro- 

 graphic Department for the use of Professor Sir Norman Lockyer, and it i- now in 

 his possession. It is not a rough reconnaissance made with a prismatic compass, 

 but contains the lines of declination as determined by compass observations 

 made in the Mediterranean, and the Eed Sea, and the adjacent waters of the Indian 

 Ocean. 



