Alimentary Tract and the Influence of Bacteria present. 5 



In the calf : Cow's milk. (The calf had not passed the sucking 

 stage.) 



The drugs used were : 1. Acidum hydrochloricum dilutum. 



2. Sodii carbonas. 



3. Salol. 



4. Calomel. 



5. Creasote. 



6. Benzosol. 



7. Guaiacol carbonas. 



8. Ammonii chloridum. 



In each instance, two meals were given in the day, and when drugs 

 were used two doses in the twenty-four hours, administered with 

 each meal. 



The contents of the ileum were obtained each morning from the 

 dog with the fistula by means of a bag tied over the opening. 



The Reaction of the Contents. 



1. Total Acidity. — -The total acidity was estimated in the usual 

 way. In the majority of the observations phenol-phthalein was used 

 as an indicator, with check estimations performed with litmus. 



In no instance were the contents of any part of the alimentary canal 

 found to be alkaline. 



The total acidity of the contents of the duodenum was almost always 

 above that of the gastric contents, while the acidity present in the 

 large intestine was usually as great as, and ofter greater than, that 

 of the duodenal contents. 



On an average the maximum acidity occurred in these sections of 

 the tract, the minimum in the contents of the lower half of the 

 ileum. 



A curve formed from the mean values for the acidities in the 

 different sections rises from the figure for the stomach contents to 

 that for the duodenal section, gradually falls until the large intestine 

 is reached, when it rises again abruptly. 



The greater the proportion of proteids in the food the higher was 

 the acidity of the stumach and duodenal contents, while the material 

 present in the lower parts of the small intestine was less acid, and 

 the contents of the large bowel of rather higher acidity. 



The administration of acid with the food increased the acidity of 

 the contents of the duodenum and large intestine, of alkali decreased 

 it in the stomach, but increased it in the other sections. Compared 

 with the results obtained after the administration of the acid, the 

 alkali caused a marked diminution of acidity in the stomach, but an 

 increased acidity in the small intestine below the duodenum. 



Salol differed in its effects from calomel in that it caused no 



