1902.] Correlation of Mental and Physical Characters. 107 



The v's and the physical correlations are due to Dr. W. R. Mac- 

 donell,* ?Vl 5 ?*;b were given in our first paper,! and r<s was deduced 

 from the following fourfold table : — 



(A.) Intelligence. 





Honours. 



Pass. 



Totals. 



Over 69" 



244 



228 -5 



472 -5 • 





280 



258 -5 



538 -5 



Totals 



524 



487 



1011 



If r,-s were really sensible, it would mean that honours men were 

 slightly shorter than pass men. The only safe conclusion we can 

 draw, however, is that stature is not correlated with place in degree 

 examinations. 



From the above results we find 



% SL = 4-1435, % SB = 4-5530. 



Hence we have 



r ;KsL - 0-0712, r iRsB - 0-0370. 



That is to say, the correlations of intelligence with the ratios of length 

 and breadth of head to stature are slightly smaller than the correla- 

 tions of intelligence with the absolute head-measurements. The result 

 predicted from the smallness of r& in the discussion on the paper here 

 receives its exact numerical confirmation. 



(3.) Since our school measurements were started, MM. Vaschide, and 

 Pelletier have published in the 1 Comptes Rendus 7 % a statement that 

 although unable to find any relation between intelligence and length 

 or breadth of head, they consider a relationship to hold between intel- 

 ligence and the auricular height of head. Their process was of the 

 following kind. They asked the school teacher to select ten intelligent 

 and ten non-intelligent children, and then measured the heads of these 

 two sets, and found their means. This was done for groups of three 

 ages in boys and two ages in girls. The probable errors of the differ- 

 ence of the means of ten observations are not considered, and by 

 exactly the same process that they reason that the auricular height is 

 greater 'for the more intelligent children they might have deduced 

 from their statistics that intelligent girls of 11 years have lower heads 



* ' Biometrika,' vol. 1, pp. 188-9. 



f < Roy. Soc. Proc.,' vol. 69, pp. 335-6. 



X 'Comptes Bendus. r Paris, vol. 133, 1901, pp. 551—553. 



S 



