122 



Dr. S. Monckton Copeman. 



[Nov. 13, 



It is impossible, here, to do more than mention the names of other 

 investigators who have engaged in research of this nature at various 

 times from the commencement of the last century up to the present 

 time. I therefore merely append in the foot-note* a list of such 

 names, placed, as far as possible, in chronological order. It is a note- 

 worthy fact that every observer mentioned, with the exception of 

 Chauveau and his colleagues of the Lyons Commission, and Martin, 

 claim to have obtained, on one or more occasions, positive results as 

 regards the production of typical vaccinia, generally after one or 

 more removes from the animal originally variolated. 



But it must, I think, be admitted that many of the earlier experi- 

 ments, more particularly, are practically worthless owing to the con- 

 ditions under which they were carried out. Some of the main 

 objections are based on the frequently concomitant use of vaccine 

 and of variolous lymph on the same animal, and the want of care as 

 to the cleanliness and freedom from vaccine contamination of lancets 

 and "points " used in the experiments. 



As regards my own work, carried out on similar lines to those 

 adopted by previous observers, and of which a full account was 

 published in the 'Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology,' in 1894, 

 it may here be mentioned that I obtained an undoubtedly successful 

 result in one series only, out of four attempts. In four subsequent 

 variolation experiments, carried out several years later (1901) in con- 

 nection with work, a detailed account of which is set out in the 



* Chronological list of observers who have carried out variolation experiments 

 on bovines : — 



1801. Yiborg Copenhagen 



1828. McMichael Egypt. 



1830. Sonderland Barmen. 



,, Numann Utrecht. 



1832. Macphail Baltimore. 



1836. Thiele Eussia. 



Martin Attleborough, Mass. 



„ MacPherson India. 



1839. Eeiter , Munich. 



Ceeiy England. 



1840. 1 Badcock 



1863-65. Chauveau Lyons. 



1868. Shortt India. 



1871. Chauveau Lyons. 



1881. Yoigt Hamburg. 



1886-90. Fischer Carlsruhe. 



1889. King Madras. 



1890-91. Eternod and Haccius Geneva. 



1892. Simpson India. 



Hime England. 



„ Klein „ 



„ Copeman „ 



