1903.] 



Solutions at the Freezing-point of Water. 



337 



with, we cannot assume that it really gives the fraction of the number 

 of the molecules which are at any moment ionized ; in the light of 

 probable changes in the ionic fluidity of the liquids, and of the possible 

 existence of complex ions, such an assumption is clearly unjustified. 

 For the sake of convenience, the results previously obtained, as well 

 as those of the experiments now described, are collected in the follow- 

 ing table : — 



Equivalent Conductivities at 0° referred to the Limiting Value 



as Unity. 



m = Number of Gram-equivalents of Solute per thousand grams of 



Solution. 



m. 





KC1. 



*BaCl 2 . 



£K 2 Oo0 7 - 



iCuS0 4 . 



*MgS0 4 . 



-ooooi 



0-0215 



1 -ooo 



1 



•ooo 







•991 







•998 



0-983 



0-00002 



-0272 



1 -ooo 



1 



•ooo 







•980 







•993 



0-976 



-00005 



-0368 



1 -ooo 







•998 







•952 







•981 



0-963 



-oooi 



-0464 



0-999 







•995 







•929 







•967 



0-950 



0-0002 



-0585 



0-998 



9 



•990 







•902 







•947 



0-932 



0. 0005 



-0794 



0-996 







•980 







•880 







•908 



0-899 



o-ooi 



o-ioo 



0-992 







•969 







870 







•863 



0-864 



0-002 



0-126 



0-987 







953 







864 







807 



0-814 



0-005 



0-171 



0-976 







•925 







•863 







•717 



0-720 



o-oi 



0-215 



0-962 







•896 







•858 







•638 



0-659 



0-02 



0-271 



0-944 







•864 







847 







•557 



0-587 



0-03 



0-311 



0-932 







•843 







•834 







•512 



0-545 



0-05 



0-368 



0-917 







•813 







•815 







■468 



0-497 



o-io 



-464 



0-896 







•778 







•783 







•405 



0-435 



0-20 



0-585 



0-874 







•742 







•749 







•348 



0-380 



0-40 



0-737 



0-858 







•710 











•294 



0-322 



0-50 



0-794 



0-855 







•699 











•275 



0-313 



1-0 



1-000 



0-856 







•665 







2 



•230 



0-264 



1 -2 



1 -063 



0-860 







•657 











218 



0-248 



1-5 



1-145 









•645 











•208 



0-227 



2-0 



1 -260 









•632 











•194 



0-192 



3-0 



1-442 

















-133 



In the earlier set of experiments, approximate values only were ob- 

 tained for the absolute equivalent conductivities, changes in the 

 adjustment of the platinum cell between the experiments on each salt 

 causing a slight uncertainty in the cell constant, From the values of 

 the constants of the glass cells now used, it is possible to calculate 

 throughout the whole range of concentration of both sets of observa- 

 tions the exact equivalent conductivities of the salts investigated. 

 The results are given below, and are expressed in Kohlrausch's units, 

 in which the electrical conductivities, measured in reciprocal ohms, 

 are divided by the concentrations of the solutions, measured in gram- 

 equivalents per cubic centimetre. 



