258 



Dr. V. Harley. On the Breaking-up 



given had passed through the pylorus. Further, since the small and 

 large intestines contained no less than 1*902 grams, while only 

 0*196 gram of this had entered from the pylorus, at least 1*704 grams 

 of this fat must be regarded as derived directly from the intestinal 

 secretion and not from the fat administered in the food. Of course, 

 in this case, the fat might be partly derived from the bile, as, 

 although the pancreas had been entirely removed, the bile-ducts had 

 been in no way interfered with. The fact that the dog had not only 

 fasted for four days but that it had had its bowels washed out daily, 

 would leave little doubt that this fat could not be residues of fat 

 given five days previously. 



In investigating the various changes that the fat underwent during 

 its sojourn in the stomach, only 4*513 grams were found as neutral 

 fat ; that is to say, 60*94 per cent, of the total fat still remained as neutral 

 fat. The milk contained, on the other hand, 96*68 per cent, as 

 neutral fat, so that no less than 25*74 of the fat given had been split 

 up during its four hours' sojourn in the stomach into free fat acids 

 and glycerine. The fat acids were increased to 2*727 grams, and 

 this was no doubt due to the splitting-up of the neutral fat in the 

 stomach, since only 0*248 gram fat acids were given in the diet. 

 The percentage of fat acids present in the stomach being 36*82, the 

 quantity found in the viscus was ten times the amount present in the 

 milk given. 



As regards the soap, it was increased to 0*166 gram, so that the 

 percentage composition of the fat acids combined as soaps was 2*24 

 as compared to the 0*06 per cent, of fat acids (combined as soaps) 

 observed in the milk. 



From these facts it is plain that even after the removal of the 

 pancreas the stomach, as in normal dogs, is capable of converting a 

 considerable quantity of the neutral fat into fatty acids, and still 

 further forming soaps. 



The small intestine contained 1*456 grams of fat, and, as has 

 already been said, most of this was not derived from the milk given 

 but partly from the excretion of the intestines ; however, it will be 

 as well to examine its chemical composition in the same way as we 

 have done in the normal dogs. 



Of this fat, 0*820 gram was found to be neutral fat, so that the 

 percentage of neutral fat was 31*17. The free fat acids were 0*452 

 gram, the total quantity being increased to 56*55 per cent., and the 

 soap had increased to 12*48 per cent., the total quantity really being 

 0*184 gram. 



We see that the quantity of fat acids had very much increased in 

 the small intestine over that found in the stomach, even although no 

 pancreatic secretion was present. 



In the large intestine the total quantity, of fat present was only 



