1890.] 



The Superior Cervical Ganglion. 



385 



When we come to compare the effects more in detail, the difficulty 

 is greater. This is especially the case in comparing the vaso-con- 

 strictor effects on the ear, month, and conjunctiva ; for the pallor of 

 all three, which often lasts for some time, and not for an equal time, 

 as a secondary result of the nicotin makes it difficult to be certain of 

 the beginning of vaso-constrictor action. 



The movement of the nictitating membrane is more easily paralysed 

 than the movement of the eyelids, and the latter is a little more 

 easily paralysed than the dilation of the pupil, For the rest, the 

 apparent order of ease of paralysis is vaso-constrictors of conjunctiva, 

 vaso-constrictors of mouth, vaso-constrictors of ear ; we say apparent 

 order of paralysis, because we have instances from separate experi- 

 ments, in which there has been, so far as could be judged, a simul- 

 taneous recovery in the dilation of the pupil and the pallor of the 

 conjunctiva; pallor of conjunctiva and pallor of mouth; pallor of 

 mouth and pallor of ear. The following experiments will illustrate 

 the time differences observed : — ■ 



Experiment III. 



Rabbit (C. p. 20). Chloral. Both cervical sympathetics ligatured and cut. 

 1.27. Inject into femoral vein 5 ingni. nicotin. 

 1.29. Stimulate left sympathetic ; no effect. 

 1.31. Stimulate right sympathetic ; no effect. 



1.39. Stimulate left sympathetic; slight constriction of artery at base of ear, 



otherwise no effect. 



1.40. Stimulate right sympathetic ; slight constriction of artery at base of ear, 



otherwise no effect. 



1.41. Stimulate left sympathetic for 60 sees. ; fair constriction in artery of ear for 



about 45 sees. ; no effect seen in lips. 



1.46. Stimulate left sympathetic for 40 sees. ; good constriction in artery of ear, 



gradual pallor of lower lip, chiefly on left side, but some on right. Slight 

 after-flush. 



1.50. Stimulate left sympathetic; slight dilation of pupil; conjunctiva already 



pale, shows no obvious change, but flushes a little when the stimulus has 

 ceased. No movement of eyelid or nictitating membrane. 

 2.0. Stimulate right sympathetic. Marked pallor of conjunctiva, fair dilation 

 of pupil ; eye opens ; no movement of nictitating membrane. 



'Experiment IV. 



Rabbit (C. p. 27). Chloral. Right cervical sympathetic ligatured and cut. With 



secondary coil at 8 (c = 8) the shocks are distinctly felt on the tongue. 

 2.52. Inject 5 mgm. nicotin into crural vein. 



3.20. Stim. sy., c = 8 ; usual effects, except that movement of eyelids very slight 



and movement of nictitating membrane only just perceptible. 

 3 42. Inject 1 c.c. 1 p. c. curari. 



3.47. Slim, sy., good effects, except on nictitating membrane. 



3.51. Inject 5 mgm. nicotin. 



3.57. Stim. sy., 20 sees.; good constriction of artery of ear; slight pallor of 

 mouth ; no other effects observed. 



