390 



Presents. 



[Mar. 27, 



(2) { ^ ons ^iction of blood-vessels of ear. 

 1(7.) Withdrawal of nictitating membrane. 



(1) Constant differences between these have not been observed. 



(2) These have not been directly compared, but in separate experi- 

 ments each has been obtained when (1.) to (5.) were no longer 

 seen. 



Dog. 



Dilation of arteries of bucco-facial region. 

 Movements of eye and opening of eyelids. 

 Withdrawal of nictitating membrane. 

 Constriction of arteries of gams and lips. 

 Dilation of pupil. 



Secretion from sub-maxillary gland. 

 (7.) Constriction of blood-vessels of the sub- maxillary gland. 



(1) Differences between these have not always been observed. 



a) 



At a certain stage of nicotin poisoning, when stimulation of the 

 sympathetic does not cause withdrawal of the nictitating membrane, 

 but does cause dilation of the pupil, a partial closing of the eye is 

 obtained by stimulating the sympathetic. 



It will be noticed that in each animal nicotin abolishes most of the 

 effects of stimulating the cervical sympathetic at very nearly the 

 same time. With regard to these, we think that there is only a 

 prima facie case for regarding the differences observed as due to an 

 unequal paralysis of the nerve cells of the superior cervical ganglion, 

 for it is possible that the differences may be due to an unequal tonic 

 stimulation reaching the parts by nerve fibres other than the sym- 

 pathetic. But the greater differences observed, for instance, between 

 the secretion of saliva and the dilation of the pupil in the cat, the 

 flushing of the lips and the constriction of the vessels of the sub- 

 maxillary gland in the dog, we do not think can be due to such a 

 cause, and we attribute them to an unequal paralysing action of 

 nicotin upon the nerve cells of the superior cervical ganglion. 



The Society then adjourned over the Easter Recess to Thursday, 

 April 17th. 



Presents, March 27, 1890. 



Transactions. 



Berlin : — Gesellschaft f iir Erdkunde. Verhandlungen. Bd. XVII. 



No. 2. 8vo. Berlin 1890. The Society. 



Bordeaux : — Societe de Medecine et de Chirurgie. Memoires et 



Bulletins. 1888. Fasc. 1-4. 8vo. Bordeaux 1888-89. 



The Society. 



