XXVlil 



studies, ratlier than medical, and to devote himself more particularly 

 to botany. With this special object in view, he studied for some time 

 under Aug. Pyrame de Candolle at Geneva. He graduated at Zurich 

 in 1840 with a botanical dissertation, the subject of which was the 

 Swiss species of the genus Cirsium. Within a short time of his gradu- 

 ation he visited Schleiden, then Professor at Jena, and, coming under 

 the influence of his powerful personality, Nageli threw himself heart 

 and soul into the microscopic researches which, in the hands of von 

 Mohl and Schleiden, were quickening and developing botanical 

 science. The first fruits of his labours in this direction were his 

 "Beitrage zur Botanik," short papers on various subjects, published 

 in ' Linnsea,' 1842 ; his important paper " Zur Entwickelungsgeschichte 

 des Pollens " (1842) ; and his remarkable contributions to the short- 

 lived ' Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Botanik ' (1844-46). 



In 1845 Nageli married. On his wedding tour he spent some time 

 on the south-west coast of England, where he continued the algo- 

 logical studies begun on a visit to Naples in 1842, the outcome of 

 which was his important work ' Die neuern Algensysteme,' pub- 

 lished in 1847. Shortly after this Nageli, who had for some years 

 been a " Privat-Docent," was promoted to be " Professor extraordi- 

 narius " at Zurich. During the next few years he did not publish 

 much beyond a valuable work on fresh-water Algas (' Gattungen 

 einzelliger Algen ') in 1849. He was not by any means idle, how- 

 ever, for he was engaged on various researches, in the prosecution of 

 which he associated with himself, in the year 1854, his pupil Carl 

 Cramer, and which were published in 1855-58, forming the monu- 

 mental ' Pflanzenphysiologische Untersuchungen.' In the meantime 

 Nageli had become Professor of Botany at Freiburg-im-Breisgau 

 (1852), and had passed on from there to Munich (1857). Of the 

 work of the ten succeeding years, his fundamental anatomical studies 

 were published in his " Beitrage zur wissenschaft lichen Botanik " 

 (1858-68) ; the rest he contributed to the ' Sitzungsbericbte ' of the 

 Bavarian Academy of Sciences, of which he continued to be an active 

 contributing member until late in life. The very numerous papers 

 which he read before the Academy, dealing with a variety of subjects 

 belonging to all departments of botanical science, form three volume 5 ! 

 of 'Botanische Mittheilungen ' (1861-81). Special mention should 

 be made of his important paper, " Theorie der Gahrung," published 

 (1879) in the ' Abhandlungen ' of the Bavarian Academy. During 

 this period he also wrote ' Das Mikroskop,' in conjunction with 

 Schwendener (1867, 2nd ed., 1877) ; and works on the lower Fungi 

 (*' Die niederen Pilze in ihren Beziehungen zu den Infection skrank- 

 heiten und der Gesundheitspflege," 1877 ; also in ' Untersuchungen 

 liber niedere Pilze; aus dem Pflanzenphysiologischen Institut in 

 ITunchen,' 1882). With the publication of his great work, 'Die 



