No. 5G5] GYN ANDROMORPHOUS ANTS 



51 



side has only six complete segments and a membranous, 

 incomplete seventh. The genitalia on the right side are 

 imperfect, the volsella being represented only by a piece 

 corresponding to its dorsal portion and the stipes is com- 

 pletely lacking. The legs are of the female type, except 

 the left fore leg, which is male, although the tibial spur 

 (strigil) is pectinate as in the female. This spur is known 

 to be nonpectinate in male Swedish, but pectinate in male 

 Swiss Anergates specimens. 



On dissecting this specimen, which he took from a large 

 Anergates-T etramorium colony near Arkosund in Oster- 

 gotland, Sweden, Adlerz found on the left side a well- 

 developed vesicula seminalis, receiving a vas deferens 

 half as long. No traces of female reproductive organs 

 nor of the poison gland and vesicle could be detected. 



Of particular interest was the behavior of this gynan- 

 dromorph, because, as Adlerz says, it evidently felt itself 

 to be a male but was treated by the normal males in the 

 colony as a female. Its movements were somewhat live- 

 lier than those of normal males, and it at first made feeble 

 attempts to copulate with the females and was treated 

 with indifference by the males. A few days later it be- 

 came more energetic and persistently attempted to copu- 

 late, especially with one particular female, although 

 always unsuccessfully while it was under observation. 

 It was evidently inflamed with the insatiable sexual appe- 

 tite so characteristic of the normal Anergates males, 

 which, being wingless, always mate with their sisters be- 

 fore they fly out of the parental nest. On the following 

 day, however, a normal male made the most persistent 

 efforts for several hours to mate with this same gynan- 

 dromorphous individual. Adlerz concludes that 



this indicates that the males regarded it as a female. Of course, we 

 may suppose that its wings made it seem like a female and attracted the 

 male, but from the fact that males attempt to mate even with female 

 pupae and therefore with a staire which has not yet developed wings, it 

 is more probable that the male was attracted to the gynandromorph by 

 some female odor. At any rate the double nature of the gynandromorph 



