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THE AMERICAN NATURALIST [Vol. XLVIII 



India, Cercopithecus mono of west Africa, and a third 

 Cercopithecus skin in the Zoological Museum at Ham- 

 burg. P. longiceps Piaget is recorded from Macacus 

 cyclopis of Formosa. Scmnopithecus maurus var. cris- 

 tatus of Borneo, and Macacus cynomolgus of the Malay- 

 sian region. P. eurygaster Gervais has been recorded 

 from Macacus sinicus of India and on a macaque in the 

 Zoological Garden at Sydney, and another in the Zoolog- 

 ical Garden at Melbourne. A hamadryad (Paphio sp.) 

 of north Africa has a Pedecinus species peculiar to it, as 

 has a trachy pith ecus, of Malaysia, and the Barbary ape, 

 Macacus innuus, of northern Africa and Gibraltar. The 

 common Macacus rhesus carries one species of Pedecinus 

 peculiar to it, and that single species of Phthirpedecinus 

 already referred to. Macacus silenus also has recorded 

 from it two species both belonging to Pedecinus. 



The family Simiida?, anthropoid apes, is represented 

 in the host list by three species, namely, the chimpanzee 

 and two gibbons. One of these gibbons is Hylobates 

 syndactylus of Sumatra; the other is H. leuciscus of 

 Borneo. A single species of Pediculus is common to 

 them both, and is not elsewhere recorded. The chimpan- 

 zee has also a single species of Pediculus which is pecul- 

 iar to it. No Pedecinus has been taken from a Simian. 



Finally man, representing the fourth Primate family, 

 Hominida*, is the host of three notorious Anopluran spe- 

 cies, two of which are species of Pediculus and the third 

 the only species so far known of another genus, Pthirius. 

 Neumann is inclined to see in Pediculus corporis only a 

 variety of Pediculus capitis. All of these parasites are 

 found on man in all parts of the world. Some curious 

 variations among the parasite individuals are shown, 

 perhaps the most curious being a plain tendency to a 

 darker coloration of the individuals occurring on the 

 bodies of men of the dark-skinned races. In my brief dis- 

 cussion elsewhere, already referred to, I have noted the 

 interesting significance of this possession by man and the 

 anthropoid apes of a common genus of Anopluran para- 

 sites, while the parasites of the lower monkeys belong to 



