•454 On Liquefied Hydrides as Conducting Solvents. [Apr. 26, 



" On the Liquefied Hydrides of Phosphorus, Sulphur, and the 

 Halogens, as Conducting Solvents. — Part II." By E. H. 

 Archibald and L). McIntosh. Communicated by Sir William 

 Kamsay, K.C.B., F.E.S. Eeceived April 26,— Eead May 19, 

 1904. 



In continuation of the preceding investigation,* a very large number 

 of substances have been examined with regard to their solubility in 

 the four substances — hydrogen chloride, bromide, iodide, and sulphide. 



The following is a brief summary of the results which have been so 

 far obtained : — 



No salt of the metals has been found to dissolve in more than traces 

 in either solvent, and in no case was it certain that such substances 

 dissolved at all. We cannot, therefore, confirm the observation of 

 Helbig and Fausti,f who state that stannic chloride dissolves in liquid 

 hydrogen chloride, but does not form a conducting solution. 



On the other hand, many organic substances were found to be 

 readily soluble ; as for example, the amine salts, acid amides, and 

 certain alkaloids among compounds containing nitrogen ; and alcohols, 

 ethers, ketones, phenols, and some organic acids and esters among 

 compounds containing oxygen. 



In every case where a conducting solution was formed the dissolved 

 substance was one containing an element the valence of which might 

 be increased, thus dyad oxygen or sulphur becoming tetrad, or triad 

 nitrogen becoming pentad. 



The conductivity of a large number of solutions was measured, and 

 in all cases the molecular conductivity increased enormously with 

 concentration. No case has been met with in which the molecular 

 conductivity varies in the same way as in aqueous solutions. The 

 substances rarely conduct better than ?i/25 KC1. 



A few of the measurements are given in the following table, in 

 which the concentration C is given in gramme molecules per litre, and 

 the conductivity in reciprocal ohms x 10~ 6 . 



Substance. 



Solvent. 



c. 



Conductivity 





, HBr 



0-011 



65-2 







0-713 



3155-0 



Acetonitrile 



HCl 



0-0463 



1512-0 





33 



1-232 



9636-0 





HI 



o-io 



19-5 







1-14 



2208-0 



Triethyl ammonium chloride. 



. H 2 S 



0-014 



117-0 



33 3 3 



33 



0-401 



1580-0 



* Ante, p. 450. 



f ' Zeit. fur Angewandte Chemie,' vol. 17, 1904. 



