352 



THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. [Vol. XXXVII. 



of the gasteropod and the tentacles the epipodia. He also claims 

 that the post-anal papillae are osphradial in nature and are therefore 

 an additional evidence for metamerism in these forms, while on the 

 other hand he fails to find any metamerism in the coelom. 



Besides dealing with Nautilus Willey presents numerous other 

 facts in this number of his " Results " among them many details as 

 to the anthropology of the regions visited, and notes on tunicata, 

 Amphioxus and Enteropneusta. K. 



BOTANY. 



Recent Literature on Seedlings.— In Torreya (Vol. II, pp. 113- 

 117, August, 1902) Lloyd discusses " Vivipary in Podocarpus." Dur- 

 ing the last winter a specimen of Podocarpus makayiboxe an excellent 

 crop of fruit which germinated almost without exception and on the 

 parent plant. The hypocotyl, he finds, is, when developed, of that 

 club shape characteristic of certain other viviparous plants, as the 

 mangroves, and is rich in food material, especially starch, which 

 seems to be derived not only from the endosperm, but from its own 

 photosynthetic activity as well as may be inferred from its greater 

 weight, green color, and the presence of stomata. In most cases 

 the primary root does not develop, but its place is taken by one 

 or usually two lateral roots formed near the end of the hypocotl. 

 He calls attention to vivipary in Melocanna bambusoides and its 

 possible existence in other grasses, in Wlandsia albisiana and in 

 Qucrcus fusiform is as well as interesting similarities in other oaks, 

 and concludes that vivipary is by no means the unusual condition it 

 is supposed to be. F. W. Rane (" How to grow a Forest from Seed." 

 Bull. N. H. Ag. Exp. Sta. 95, November, 1902), figures a few tree 

 seedlings though the bulk of the paper is naturally of an economic 

 nature. In Proc. Cambridge Philosophical Soc, Vol. XI, pp. 4 45~ 

 457> PL 5, 1902, Gardiner and Hill consider the histology of the 

 Endosperm during the germination of Tamus communis -And Galium 

 Tricorne. Chauveaud in Bull. Mus. d Hist. Nat., 1902, No. 1 , pp. 52- 

 59, discusses the arrangement of the vascular system in the cotyledon 

 of the onion, Allium cepa. 



