PULMONARIA. 



BORAGINACEiE. 



85 



3. PULMONARIA. Tourn. ; Endl. gen. 3759. lungwort. 



[ So named from the Latin, pulmones, the lungs ; having formerly heen used as a remedy for pulmonary diseases.] 



Calyx 5-cleft, somewhat campanulate in fruit. Corolla salver-funnelform ; the throat pervious. 

 Nuts ovoid, smooth, not perforate at the base. — Herbaceous plants, sometimes nearly 

 smooth. Radical leaves often spotted. Flowers somewhat paniculate. 



Lehmann has united this genus with Lithospermum, from which, indeed, it differs in characters of hut little importance. 



1. Pulmonaria Virginica, Linn. Virginian Coivslij?. Virginian Lungwort. 



Smooth ; stem erect ; calyx three times shorter than the tube of the corolla ; radical leaves 

 obovate- oblong, obtuse ; stem-leaves lanceolate -oblong. — Linn. sp. 1. p. 1:35 ; Bot. mag. 

 t. 160 ; Michx. fl. 1. p. 131 ; Pursh, fl. 1. p. 130 ; Ell sk. 1. p. 228 ; Torr. fl. 1. p. 201 ; 

 Beck, bot. p. 255. Lithospermum pulchrum, Lehm. Asperif. p. 207. Hippoglossum Vir- 

 ginicum, Lilja, "fl. bvf. odl. 5. p. 18," ex Linncca, 15. p. 265, 17. p. 111. 



Perennial. Stem about a foot high, succulent, mostly simple. Radical and lower leaves 

 3-6 inches long, more or less obovate, tapering at the base into rather long petioles : stem- 

 leaves smaller ; the uppermost nearly sessile. Flowers in a loose racemose panicle. Segments 

 of the calyx ovate, rather obtuse. Corolla three-fourths of an inch long, bright purplish blue ; 

 the limb obscurely 5-lobed. Stamens shorter than the corolla : anthers sagittate. Style 

 included : stigma small, simple. 



Borders of Oneida creek and Fish creek, Oneida county. Near Albany {Prof. Eaton). A 

 showy plant, frequently cultivated in gardens. May. 



4. LITHOSPERMUM. Tourn. ; Endl. gen. 3761. gromwell. 



[ From the Greek, lithos, a stone, and sperma, seed ; the nuts (formerly regarded as seeds) being very hard ] 



Calyx 5-parted. Corolla funnelform ; the throat naked (sometimes with very minute scales). 

 Nuts not perforate at the base, mostly very smooth. — Herbs, or somewhat shrubby rough 

 plants, with the habit of the order. 



1. Lithospermum arvense, Linn. Corn Gromwell. Stone-weed. 



Stem erect, branched ; leaves lanceolate, acute, hairy; calyx a little shorter than the corolla, 

 at length spreading ; seeds rugose. — Linn. sp. 1. p. 132 ; Engl. bot. t. 123 ; Pursh, fl. 1. 

 p. 131 ; Ell sk. 1. p. 225 ; Torr. fl. 1. p. 202 ; Bigel. fl. Bost. p. 71 ; Beck, bot. p. 251; 

 Darlingt. fl. Cest. p. 118. 



Annual. Whole plant covered with short stiff rather appressed hairs. Stem 8-12 inches 

 high, more or less branched. Leaves about an inch long, sessile ; the veins indistinct. Flowers 

 axillary, nearly sessile. Calyx with linear acute segments, which finally are much elongated 

 and spreading. Corolla small, yellowish white. Nuts grayish brown, ovoid, acuminate, with 

 the point oblique, rugose and cellular. 



Dry fields, ruad-sides, etc. ; rather common. Introduced from Europe. May - June. 



