JuGLANS. 



JUGLANDACE.E. 



181 



Nut carinate at the sutures, with deep indentations and sharp ragged ridges ; the kernel very- 

 oily, agreeably tasted when fresh, but soon becoming rancid. 



Rich woods and banks of rivers ; common. Fl. May. Fr. End of September. The 

 wood of this tree is of a reddish hue, light, and not so strong as that of the Black Walnut. 

 An extract is prepared from the inner bark, which is much esteemed as a laxative medicine. 

 The sap affords sugar ; and the young fruit is used for pickles. 



2. CARYA. Nutt. gen. 2. p. 220 ; Endl. gen. 5889. HICKORY. 



[ Karya is an ancient Greek name of the Walnut.] 



Sterile fl. Aments mostly in threes or deeply 3 -parted, slender. Bracts none. Calyx 

 3-parted. Stamens 3 - 8 : anthers sessile. Fertile fl. 2-3 together at the extremity 

 of the branches. Calyx a small 4-cleft limb. Corolla none. Drupe coriaceous or some- 

 what fleshy, 4-valved : nut oval, somewhat quadrangular, smooth. — Trees, with oddly 

 pinnated leaves ; the pubescence stellate. Sterile and fertile flowers proceeding from the 

 same buds. The wood is compact, very strong and elastic ; the duramen is dark-colored, 

 and the alburnum white. The pith is continuous. 



1. Carya alba, Nutt. Shell-bark Hickory, fciskytom. 



Leaflets mostly 5, obovate- and oblong -lanceolate, acuminate, slightly serrate, villous 

 underneath ; aments somewhat pubescent ; fruit depressed-globose ; pericarp thick, furrowed 

 at the sutures ; nut compressed. — Nutt. gen. I. c. ; Ell. sk. 2. p. 624 ; Torr. compend. 

 p. 357 ; Beck, hot. p. 336 ; Darlingt. fl. Cest. p. 544 ; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 143. C. 

 squamosa, Bart. fl. Phil. 2. p. 179. Juglans alba, Linn. sp. 2. p. 997?; Michx. fl. 2. 

 p. 193 ; Pursh, fl. 2. p. 637. J. compressa, Willd. sp. 4. p. 458 ; Ait. Keio. (ed. 2.) 5. 

 p. 297. J. squamosa, Michx. f. sylv. 1. t. 36 ; Bigel. fl. Bost. p. 354. 



A tree 50 - 80 feet high, with a trunk 10-18 inches in diameter ; the bark very rough, 

 in consequence of the outer portions exfoliating in long narrow plates, which adhere in the 

 middle, while they are detached and more or less elevated at each end. Leaflets mostly in 5 

 (sometimes in 7) pairs, 4-8 inches long ; the lower pair smaller, finely serrate ; the lateral 

 ones sessile or nearly so, and more or less obtuse at the base ; the terminal cuneate at the 

 base, supported on a footstalk 3-4 lines long : pubescence of the petiole partly stellate. 

 Sterile aments pendulous, 3 together or 3-parted, long and slender ; the two lateral ones with 

 a large lanceolate bract at the base. Calyx without bracts at the base, somewhat equally 

 3-cleft : middle segment longer, lanceolate and acuminate ; the lateral ones obtuse. Anthers 

 4, large, pubescent. Fertile flowers 2-3 together on a terminal peduncle. Drupe nearly 

 2 inches in diameter, depressed at the centre, and with a groove at each suture ; the valves 



