306 



LILIACE.E. 



LlLIUM 



delier. Perianth bright orange, with numerous roundish purple spots ; the segments about 

 3 inches long, tapering to the apex, and revolute when the flower is fully expanded. Stamens, 

 style and stigma nearly as in the first species. 



Moist meadows. Fl. Latter part of July - August. Fr. September. This in favorable 

 situations is a truly magnificent plant. Some botanists regard it as only a variety of the pre- 

 ceding, but its characters seem to be constant. 



2. ERYTHRONIUM. Linn.; Endl. gen. 1090 ; Kunth, enum. 4. p. 216. 



DOG'S-TOOTH VIOLET. 

 [From the Greek, erythros, red ; probably from the purple spots on the leaves.] 



Perianth regular, 6-leaved, campanulate ; ihe segments recurved ; the 3 interior with a callous 

 tooth on each side near the base, and a longitudinal groove in the middle. Stamens 6 : 

 anthers linear-oblong ; the cells opening along the outer edge. Ovary triangular, 3-celled, 

 with numerous anatropous ovules in a double series : style elongated : stigma triangular, 

 entire or 3-parted. Capsule somewhat turbinate or obovate, 3-celled, loculicidal. Seeds 

 ovoid, with a prominent raphe ; the apex invested with a loose membranaceous appendage. 

 Embryo minute, next the hilum, in hard fleshy albumen. — Herbs, with a solid bulb. 

 Leaves 2, nearly radical. Scape bearing usually a single nodding flower. 



1. Erythronium Americanum, Gawl. American Dogs-tooth Violet. 



Leaves elliptical-lanceolate, minutely dotted ; peduncle one-flowered ; segments of the 

 perianth oblong-lanceolate, rather obtuse ; stvle clavate ; stigma entire. — Gaivl. in bot. mag. 

 t. 1113; Bigel. med. bot. t. 58, and fl. Bost. p. 137; Ell. sk. 1. p. 389; Nutt. gen. 1. 

 p. 223 ; Bart. fl. N. Am. 1. t. 33 ; Torr. fl. I. p. 350 ; Beck, bot. p. 365 ; Darlingt. fl. 

 Cest. p. 223 ; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 182 ; Kunth, enum. 4. p. 218. E. Dens-canis y., 

 Linn. sp. (ed. 2.) 1. p. 437 ; Red. Lil. t. 194. E. Dens-canis, Michx. fl. 1. p. 198 ; E. 

 lanceolatum, Pursh, fl. I. p. 230. 



Bulb ovoid, scaly, situated deep in the ground. Leaves 3-8 inches long and 1 - 1| 

 inch wide, smooth and shining, spotted with dull purple, the apex thickened and rather obtuse. 

 Scape 6-10 inches long, naked, recurved near the extremity, and bearing a single large 

 flower. Perianth yellow, spotted near the base ; the three outer leaflets recurved from about 

 the middle, tinged with crimson externally : inner ones furnished with a short obtuse tooth on 

 each side towards the base. Stamens about half the length of the perianth : filaments sub- 

 ulate, as long as the oblong-linear anthers. Ovary obovoid : style triangular, gradually 

 thickened upward : stigmas 3, occupying the summit of the style, but not separating. Capsule 

 obovate, contracted at the base. Seeds numerous, many of them often abortive. 



Low moist grounds, and shady thickets. Fl. April - May. Fr. June. 



