20 Prof. D. E. Hughes. On a Theory of Magnetism. [Feb. 1, 



2. That each molecule, or its polarity, can be rotated in either 

 direction upon its axis by torsion, stress, or by physical forces such as 

 magnetism and electricity. 



3. That the inherent polarity or magnetism of each molecule is a 

 constant quantity like gravity ; that it can neither be augmented nor 

 destroyed. 



4. That when we have external neutrality, or no apparent mag- 

 netism, the molecules, or their polarities, arrange themselves so as to 

 satisfy their mutual attraction by the shortest path, and thus form a 

 complete closed circuit of attraction. 



5. That when magnetism becomes evident, the molecules or their 

 polarities have all rotated symmetrically in a given direction, producing 

 a north pole if rotated in this direction as regards the piece of steel, 

 or a south pole if rotated in the opposite direction. Also, that in 

 evident magnetism, we have still a symmetrical arrangement, but one 

 whose circles of attraction are not completed except through an 

 external armature joining both poles. 



The experimental evidences of the above theory are extremely 

 numerous, and appear so conclusive, that I have ventured upon 

 formulating the results in the above theory. 



I hope in a few weeks to bring before the Royal Society the experi- 

 mental evidence which has led me to the conclusions I have named ; 

 conclusions which have not been arrived at hastily, but from a long 

 series of research upon the molecular construction of magnetism now 

 extending over several years. 



