Colouring-matters of the so-called Bile of Invertebrates , fyc. 379 



1st Band \565 '5—556 *5 



2nd „ X537 "5—528 or 526* 



The alcohol extract of the liver showed the presence of reduced 

 haematin and enterochlorophyll, the bands of the former disappearing 

 with nitric acid, and that of the latter remaining, being, however, 

 brought slightly nearer the violet, as in all other cases. 



In the bile of other specimens the band of enterochlorophyll could 

 generally be seen, but always those of reduced haematin. 



Limax flavus and other Slugs: Bile and Liver. — In the first speci- 

 men examined the bile contained reduced haematin ; but the alcohol 

 extract of the liver did not seem to contain much, if any, haematin or 

 enterochlorophyll, but in other cases it contained both colouring- 

 matters. In a specimen of Limax of a dark olive colour on dorsal 

 surface, with the margin of the foot tinged with orange, the bile gave 

 the band in red from \681 — 656, and, on adding sulphide of ammo- 

 nium, the bands of reduced haematin, the first from \570 — 558, the 

 second A539 — 526. The alcohol extract of the liver also contained 

 both pigments. In a similar extract of another liver I found that in 

 one part of the liver only enterochlorophyll, in another part only 

 reduced haematin was present. Nitric acid changed the colour of the 

 extract to greenish, and two of the usual series of bands could be 

 seen. In another specimen of the same eolour the greenish-yellow 

 alcohol filtrate of the liver showed four bands, of which the first two 

 belong to chlorophyll, the third to haematin. 



1st Band \678— 656 



2nd „ A616— 596 



3rd „ X564— 555-5 



4th „ X543-5— 535 



This treated with nitric acid gave three of the usual series of bands. 

 (Sp. 10 shows the bile of Limax with ammonium sulphide.) Other 

 slugs were also examined with a similar result. 



Liver of Planorbis. — The specimens had been kept in clean water, 

 free from vegetable matter, for a week previous to the examination. 

 The livers of five specimens were removed, and, after crushing, 

 digested in rectified spirit ; the yellow filtrate gave a band in red 

 from X678 — 658*5 ; and three others, of which that before D belongs 

 to chlorophyll, while the other two were found to be due to traces of 

 hasmoglobin. In a thin layer there was a fourth band at F. In the 

 united alcohol extracts of ten livers no reduced haematin could be 

 detected ; but that is no matter for surprise, since Planorbis contains 



* The very slight discrepancies in some of the measurements are no doubt due to 

 the difficulty of determining the measurements of the edges of the bands exactly, 

 and, of course, to the varying quantity of haematin present. 



