CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



CHAP. II. Of trees and shrubs, the materials with which the objects of planting are to 

 be accomplished. 



sect. I. The classification of trees and shrubs, according to their visible cha- 

 racteristic distinctions and useful properties * 458 



Their magnitude — form 459 



texture - 460 



colour 461 



; — modes of growth — smells 462 



The colour and properties of their barks and buds 463 



The variety of the leaves of trees 464 



Their flowers, — fruits 465 



Their roots — their mode of propagation — their natural soils 466 



Their natural situations — culture 467 



The pruning of trees — their removal 468 



Their products — the uses of these 469 



The relative value of timber 470 



The natural expression or characters of trees 471 



Their accidental expression 472 



2. Some trees and shrubs having properties deserving the more parti- 

 cular attention of planters of the present day. 



The ash 474 



The beech — horse-chesnut — larch, its properties 475 



The larch may be bent so as to retain shapes fit for particular 



purposes in naval architecture 476 



This is deserving of public attention, as oak wood will probably 



become very scarce 479 



The laburnum 481 



The Norway maple — Lombardy poplar 482 



The Carolina, Canadian, and Hoary poplars — Scotch elm 483 



The elder 484 



Evergreens — Scotch fir 485 



The cedar of Lebanus 486 



The hemlock spruce — cypress — holly — evergreen oaks — ivy 487 



The great advantages that might result from planting the ivy... 487 



For varying the stems of single trees and small groups 487 



cottages, ruins, and irregular buildings 488 



■ 1 — ■ and beautifying naked stone fences, sunk fences, or 



dykes between fields 488 



* 



