PART III. ARCHITECTURE. 81 



struction of temples or churches, so in them style would first 

 make its appearance, and be carried to considerable perfection 

 before much attention was paid to the houses of individuals. It 

 is reasonable to suppose also, that as individuals, by reason of 

 superior riches or honours, became desirous of being lodged in 

 better houses, the only way that would occur to the builder 

 would be to give them something of the style of the temples, 

 which all allowed to be the highest degree of grandeur, and 

 which he was best acquainted with, and could best introduce 

 or vary, as became necessary in edifices which were to be used 

 for a different purpose. This, if it be a reasonable supposition, 

 would have produced two distinct species of each style : the 

 one the original style, used for the temples; the other, the 

 mixed or irregular style, used for the dwellings of individuals. 

 This is, in fact, the case in both Grecian and Gothic architec- 

 ture. In the Grecian, the oblong temples of the ancients with 

 a naked roof, and those of the moderns with the addition of a 

 dome, form the first or temple style. The villas of Greece and 

 Rome with colonnades and porticoes, form the second or irre- 

 gular mansion style. In Gothic architecture, the first style is 

 characterized by the form of a cross and a square tower, as in 

 the ancient Gothic or Saxon style ; or by the form of a cross 

 and often a pyramidal tower, as in the Norman or modern Gothic 

 style. The irregular, or mansion style, in this manner of archi- 

 tecture, is characterized by irregularity in the general mass, 



m 



