108 ARCHITECTURE. BOOK I. 



The roof is in general partly seen, and should be covered with 

 large slates, pavement stone, grey schist, or lead : small blue 

 slates in this style, and indeed in all large roofs, have a poor and 

 vulgar appearance. The chimnies are generally placed in rows 

 of angular columns often joined together at top, and known in 

 some places by the name of cannon chimnies. The windows 

 of the principal apartments are similar, in general design, to 

 those of churches. When pointed at top, as is commonly the 

 case, a buttress is placed between each. When square, and 

 even when pointed, this appendage is frequently, but rather 

 improperly, omitted. Sometimes a small tower is substituted 

 in the room of these buttresses. — [See Plate I. fig. 1.] 



The Castle Style. 



This term chiefly refers to the battlements ; for the original 

 and proper style of edifices built for defence belongs to military 

 architecture. The large masses are chiefly distinguished by 

 their height, and commonly varied by breaks or towers of dif- 

 ferent forms and heights. All these towers, as well as the 

 general masses, are terminated by battlements. The roof is 

 generally hidden, and the chimney tops formed into small 

 towers, or clusters of angular columns. — [See Plate L fig. 2.] 



A mixed style between this and the cathedral is frequently 

 used ; either by making the house entirely in that style, or by 



