PART III. ARCHITECTURE. 147 



lity ; though this is commonly left to men who, of all others, 

 are the most tasteless and extravagant. 



Towns and cities may be ranged under the following deno- 

 minations : 1st, Commercial sea-port ; 2dly, Commercial in- 

 land ; 3dly, University towns; 4thly, Situations for health, 

 as sea or inland bathing towns. These different names indicate 

 that each must have a distinct character. The first in regard 

 to utility must have good quays, warehouses, and a harbour or 

 river capable of containing numerous vessels. The second will 

 be remarkable for markets, good roads, large retail shops, and 

 manufactories. The third for fine buildings, as at Oxford, 

 Cambridge, St. Andrew's, &c. And the fourth for beautiful 

 streets and commodious lodgings. My remarks are intended 

 to apply to the two last kinds ; the two first being, as to gene- 

 ral arrangement, entirely and very properly guided by the 

 principle or necessity of utility. 



1st, With regard to the direction of the streets, ornament 

 being considered as worth attending to in these towns ; those 

 which are principal may be made in winding directions, espe- 

 cially if any natural circumstance favour that idea, as a river, 

 inequalities of surface, the irregular side of a hill, or perhaps 

 some established road already existing. A most excellent ex- 

 ample of this kind of street may be seen at Oxford, and in 



