PART V. CULINARY GARDENING. 305 



kind of exposure would be at once obtained, and generally in 

 connexion with shelter and a good soil. 



The next requisite is shelter. Natural shelter. has been 

 already treated of, in the preceding chapter: where that can- 

 not be had, and the garden can neither be placed in a natural 

 hollow nor in a wood, recourse must be had to planting. This 

 should be done on all sides of the garden, and near to, or distant 

 from it, according to circumstances. When the garden is on a 

 level, the nearest forest trees should not, generally, be closer to 

 the outer fruit wall than a hundred feet ; and on the south side 

 twenty or thirty more : but when it is on a steep bank, they 

 may frequently approach within fifty or sixty. In most cases, 

 a deep sunk fence should be made between these trees and 

 the garden ground, to prevent the roots from too freely pas- 

 turing in the surface soil. If the trees are of the fir kind, which 

 make the best shelter, this will be particularly requisite. It is 

 a common and dangerous error, to place gardens in too low 

 situations, for the sake of present natural shelter ; but hoar 

 frosts, mildews, and blights, seldom fail of being attendants. 

 A number of such gardens could be pointed out both in Eng- 

 land and Scotland. 



The next requisite is situation ; which chiefly refers to its 

 connection with the rest of the place, and with water. It 



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