PART V. CULINARY GARDENING. 309 



Often, however, a single holly hedge upon the top of the sunk 

 fence may supply its place, and then a greater portion may be 

 allotted to the growth of kitchen vegetables, and the general 

 character of utility be better preserved. Sometimes it fortu- 

 nately happens, from the declivity of the ground to the south, 

 that the regularity of this outer in closure can be broken, and a 

 large bay or recess made in the wood, either to contain all the 

 hot-houses, hot-beds, &c. or to contain the hot-beds only. 

 Where this can be done, it is a great advantage ; but regard 

 must be had to the shadows which a high north wall projects 

 in winter when the sun's rays are nearly horizontal. 



Within this space or outer border is placed the fruit-tree 

 walls; and the space within these is subdivided into bor- 

 ders and quarters by walks, alleys, espaliers, rows of trees, and 

 hedges. Wall borders should, in general, be of the breadth 

 of the wall's height ; espalier borders the width of the walks, 

 or of the espalier, which ought to be in unison- When walls 

 or espaliers are very low however, the former perhaps under 

 ten, and the latter under three feet, this rule will not apply. 

 Quarters, if not so small themselves, should be subdivided into 

 spaces not more than a hundred feet broad ; their length does 

 not signify, as it can be varied by rows of trees, bushes, or, 

 what is frequently preferable, the mode of cropping alone. 

 Walks, as to direction, should surround and cross the garden,. 



