PART VI. ORNAMENTAL GARDENING. 323 



almost as various as their names; but upon the whole the fol- 

 lowing kinds of soils and situations will grow most of them in 

 a botanic garden: 1. Virgin mountain earth dry; 2. Mossy 

 earth in a moist situation ; 3. Half of each in a moist situa- 

 tion; 4. Half of each dry; 5. Moist clay and moss; 6. Dry 

 gravel and sand ; 7. A running brook, with a clear gravelly or 

 sandy bottom; 8. A stagnate brook or pond, with a muddy 

 bottom; 9. A rock work, with the stones large, and joined as 

 close as in causewaying or building, but without mortar; built 

 in the form of an irregular pyramid or cone, on all sides of 

 which certain species of mosses, ferns, &c. could be grown ; 10. 

 Trees alive and full grown, and also decayed for the growth of 

 mosses and funguses; 11. Part of the sea-shore, of which to 

 form proper places for most sorts of sea-plants; 12. Hot- 

 houses, &c. for exotics. This includes the chief requisites of a 

 complete botanic garden; but 1, 2 and 8 will nearly serve the 

 purposes of all the rest (excepting sea-plants) under the ma- 

 nagement of a j udicious gardener. 



Shrubs form a class of materials no less interesting than 

 flowers. They require less care in cultivation, and their beau- 

 ties, consisting chiefly in the general form and appearance, are 

 less fleeting with the seasons, and more striking at a distance. . 

 They may be divided into evergreens and deciduous kinds ; and 

 each of these divisions into such sorts as are rarely seen, and 



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